Fixed #35680 -- Added automatic imports of common utilies to shell management command.

django/core/management/commands/shell.py

@@ -124,13 +124,19 @@ class Command(BaseCommand):
     def get_auto_imports(self):
         """Return a sequence of import paths for objects to be auto-imported.
 
-        By default, import paths for models in INSTALLED_APPS are included,
-        with models from earlier apps taking precedence in case of a name
-        collision.
+        By default, import paths for models in INSTALLED_APPS and some common
+        utilities are included, with models from earlier apps taking precedence
+        in case of a name collision.
 
         For example, for an unchanged INSTALLED_APPS, this method returns:
 
         [
+            "django.conf.settings",
+            "django.db.connection",
+            "django.db.reset_queries",
+            "django.db.models",
+            "django.db.models.functions",
+            "django.utils.timezone",
             "django.contrib.sessions.models.Session",
             "django.contrib.contenttypes.models.ContentType",
             "django.contrib.auth.models.User",
@@ -140,7 +146,15 @@ class Command(BaseCommand):
         ]
 
         """
-        app_models_imports = [
+        default_imports = [
+            "django.conf.settings",
+            "django.db.connection",
+            "django.db.reset_queries",
+            "django.db.models",
+            "django.db.models.functions",
+            "django.utils.timezone",
+        ]
+        app_models_imports = default_imports + [
             f"{model.__module__}.{model.__name__}"
             for model in reversed(apps.get_models())
             if model.__module__

docs/howto/custom-shell.txt

@@ -39,20 +39,29 @@ For example:
 
 The customization above adds :func:`~django.urls.resolve` and
 :func:`~django.urls.reverse` to the default namespace, which already includes
-all models from the apps listed in :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS`. These objects
-will be available in the ``shell`` without requiring a manual import.
+all models from the apps listed in :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` plus what is 
+imported by default. These objects will be available in the ``shell`` without 
+requiring a manual import.
 
 Running this customized ``shell`` command with ``verbosity=2`` would show:
 
 .. console::
 
-    8 objects imported automatically:
-
+    13 objects imported automatically:
+	
+      from django.db import connection, reset_queries, models
+      from django.conf import settings
       from django.contrib.admin.models import LogEntry
       from django.contrib.auth.models import Group, Permission, User
       from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
       from django.contrib.sessions.models import Session
       from django.urls import resolve, reverse
+      from django.utils import timezone
+
+.. versionchanged:: 6.0
+
+    Automatic imports of common utilities, such as ``django.conf.settings``,
+    were added.
 
 If an overridden ``shell`` command includes paths that cannot be imported,
 these errors are shown when ``verbosity`` is set to ``1`` or higher. Duplicate

docs/ref/django-admin.txt

@@ -1067,9 +1067,15 @@ Starts the Python interactive interpreter.
 
 All models from installed apps are automatically imported into the shell
 environment. Models from apps listed earlier in :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` take
-precedence. For a ``--verbosity`` of 2 or higher, the automatically imported
-objects will be listed. To disable automatic importing entirely, use the
-``--no-imports`` flag.
+precedence. The following common utilities are also imported::
+
+    from django.db import connection, reset_queries, models
+    from django.conf import settings
+    from django.utils import timezone
+
+For a ``--verbosity`` of 2 or higher, the automatically imported objects will
+be listed. To disable automatic importing entirely, use the ``--no-imports``
+flag.
 
 See the guide on :ref:`customizing this behavior
 <customizing-shell-auto-imports>` to add or remove automatic imports.
@@ -1078,6 +1084,11 @@ See the guide on :ref:`customizing this behavior
 
     Automatic models import was added.
 
+.. versionchanged:: 6.0
+
+    Automatic imports of common utilities, such as ``django.conf.settings``,
+    were added.
+
 .. django-admin-option:: --interface {ipython,bpython,python}, -i {ipython,bpython,python}
 
 Specifies the shell to use. By default, Django will use IPython_ or bpython_ if

docs/releases/6.0.txt

@@ -224,6 +224,9 @@ Management Commands
 * The :djadmin:`startproject` and :djadmin:`startapp` commands now create the
   custom target directory if it doesn't exist.
 
+* Common utilities, such as ``django.conf.settings``, are now automatically
+  imported to the :djadmin:`shell` by default.
+
 Migrations
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 

tests/shell/tests.py

@@ -5,14 +5,17 @@ import unittest
 from unittest import mock
 
 from django import __version__
+from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib.auth.models import Group, Permission, User
 from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
 from django.core.management import CommandError, call_command
 from django.core.management.commands import shell
-from django.db import connection
+from django.db import connection, models, reset_queries
+from django.db.models import functions
 from django.test import SimpleTestCase
 from django.test.utils import captured_stdin, captured_stdout, override_settings
 from django.urls import resolve, reverse
+from django.utils import timezone
 
 from .models import Marker, Phone
 
@@ -79,6 +82,8 @@ class ShellCommandTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
                 )
                 assertError(error, p.stdout)
                 self.assertNotIn("Marker", p.stdout)
+                self.assertNotIn("reset_queries", p.stdout)
+                self.assertNotIn("imported automatically", p.stdout)
 
             with self.subTest(verbosity=verbosity, get_auto_imports="without-models"):
                 with mock.patch(
@@ -214,6 +219,12 @@ class ShellCommandAutoImportsTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(
             namespace,
             {
+                "settings": settings,
+                "connection": connection,
+                "reset_queries": reset_queries,
+                "models": models,
+                "functions": functions,
+                "timezone": timezone,
                 "Marker": Marker,
                 "Phone": Phone,
                 "ContentType": ContentType,
@@ -223,6 +234,22 @@ class ShellCommandAutoImportsTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
             },
         )
 
+    @override_settings(INSTALLED_APPS=[])
+    def test_get_namespace_default_imports(self):
+        namespace = shell.Command().get_namespace()
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            namespace,
+            {
+                "settings": settings,
+                "connection": connection,
+                "reset_queries": reset_queries,
+                "models": models,
+                "functions": functions,
+                "timezone": timezone,
+            },
+        )
+
     @override_settings(
         INSTALLED_APPS=["model_forms", "contenttypes_tests", "forms_tests"]
     )
@@ -243,7 +270,6 @@ class ShellCommandAutoImportsTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
                 return super().get_auto_imports() + [
                     "django.urls.reverse",
                     "django.urls.resolve",
-                    "django.db.connection",
                 ]
 
         namespace = TestCommand().get_namespace()
@@ -251,9 +277,14 @@ class ShellCommandAutoImportsTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(
             namespace,
             {
-                "connection": connection,
                 "resolve": resolve,
                 "reverse": reverse,
+                "settings": settings,
+                "connection": connection,
+                "reset_queries": reset_queries,
+                "models": models,
+                "functions": functions,
+                "timezone": timezone,
                 "Marker": Marker,
                 "Phone": Phone,
                 "ContentType": ContentType,
@@ -295,7 +326,7 @@ class ShellCommandAutoImportsTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(len(namespace), len(cmd.get_auto_imports()))
         self.assertEqual(
             stdout.getvalue().strip(),
-            "6 objects imported automatically (use -v 2 for details).",
+            "12 objects imported automatically (use -v 2 for details).",
         )
 
     @override_settings(INSTALLED_APPS=["shell", "django.contrib.contenttypes"])
@@ -320,9 +351,13 @@ class ShellCommandAutoImportsTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(
             stdout.getvalue().strip(),
-            "7 objects imported automatically:\n\n"
+            "13 objects imported automatically:\n\n"
             "  import shell\n"
             "  import django\n"
+            "  from django.conf import settings\n"
+            "  from django.db import connection, reset_queries, models\n"
+            "  from django.db.models import functions\n"
+            "  from django.utils import timezone\n"
             "  from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType\n"
             "  from shell.models import Phone, Marker\n"
             "  from django.urls import reverse, resolve",
@@ -350,13 +385,36 @@ class ShellCommandAutoImportsTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
                     TestCommand().get_namespace(verbosity=verbosity)
                     self.assertEqual(stdout.getvalue().strip(), expected)
 
-    @override_settings(INSTALLED_APPS=[])
-    def test_message_with_stdout_no_installed_apps(self):
+    def test_message_with_stdout_zero_object(self):
+        class TestCommand(shell.Command):
+            def get_auto_imports(self):
+                return []
+
+        with captured_stdout() as stdout:
+            TestCommand().get_namespace(verbosity=2)
+
         cases = {
             0: "",
             1: "0 objects imported automatically.",
             2: "0 objects imported automatically.",
         }
+        for verbosity, expected in cases.items():
+            with self.subTest(verbosity=verbosity):
+                with captured_stdout() as stdout:
+                    TestCommand().get_namespace(verbosity=verbosity)
+                    self.assertEqual(stdout.getvalue().strip(), expected)
+
+    @override_settings(INSTALLED_APPS=[])
+    def test_message_with_stdout_no_installed_apps(self):
+        cases = {
+            0: "",
+            1: "6 objects imported automatically (use -v 2 for details).",
+            2: "6 objects imported automatically:\n\n"
+            "  from django.conf import settings\n"
+            "  from django.db import connection, reset_queries, models\n"
+            "  from django.db.models import functions\n"
+            "  from django.utils import timezone",
+        }
         for verbosity, expected in cases.items():
             with self.subTest(verbosity=verbosity):
                 with captured_stdout() as stdout:
@@ -379,7 +437,11 @@ class ShellCommandAutoImportsTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
     def test_message_with_stdout_listing_objects_with_isort(self):
         sorted_imports = (
             "  from shell.models import Marker, Phone\n\n"
-            "  from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType"
+            "  from django.db import connection, models, reset_queries\n"
+            "  from django.db.models import functions\n"
+            "  from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType\n"
+            "  from django.conf import settings\n"
+            "  from django.utils import timezone"
         )
         mock_isort_code = mock.Mock(code=mock.MagicMock(return_value=sorted_imports))
 
@@ -399,7 +461,7 @@ class ShellCommandAutoImportsTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(
             stdout.getvalue().strip(),
-            "6 objects imported automatically:\n\n" + sorted_imports,
+            "12 objects imported automatically:\n\n" + sorted_imports,
         )
 
     def test_override_get_auto_imports(self):