mirror of
https://github.com/django/django.git
synced 2024-12-25 02:26:12 +00:00
4a954cfd11
This patch does not remove all occurrences of the words in question. Rather, I went through all of the occurrences of the words listed below, and judged if they a) suggested the reader had some kind of knowledge/experience, and b) if they added anything of value (including tone of voice, etc). I left most of the words alone. I looked at the following words: - simply/simple - easy/easier/easiest - obvious - just - merely - straightforward - ridiculous Thanks to Carlton Gibson for guidance on how to approach this issue, and to Tim Bell for providing the idea. But the enormous lion's share of thanks go to Adam Johnson for his patient and helpful review.
112 lines
4.7 KiB
Plaintext
112 lines
4.7 KiB
Plaintext
======================
|
|
Deploying static files
|
|
======================
|
|
|
|
.. seealso::
|
|
|
|
For an introduction to the use of :mod:`django.contrib.staticfiles`, see
|
|
:doc:`/howto/static-files/index`.
|
|
|
|
.. _staticfiles-production:
|
|
|
|
Serving static files in production
|
|
==================================
|
|
|
|
The basic outline of putting static files into production consists of two
|
|
steps: run the :djadmin:`collectstatic` command when static files change, then
|
|
arrange for the collected static files directory (:setting:`STATIC_ROOT`) to be
|
|
moved to the static file server and served. Depending on
|
|
:setting:`STATICFILES_STORAGE`, files may need to be moved to a new location
|
|
manually or the :func:`post_process
|
|
<django.contrib.staticfiles.storage.StaticFilesStorage.post_process>` method of
|
|
the ``Storage`` class might take care of that.
|
|
|
|
Of course, as with all deployment tasks, the devil's in the details. Every
|
|
production setup will be a bit different, so you'll need to adapt the basic
|
|
outline to fit your needs. Below are a few common patterns that might help.
|
|
|
|
Serving the site and your static files from the same server
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
If you want to serve your static files from the same server that's already
|
|
serving your site, the process may look something like:
|
|
|
|
* Push your code up to the deployment server.
|
|
* On the server, run :djadmin:`collectstatic` to copy all the static files
|
|
into :setting:`STATIC_ROOT`.
|
|
* Configure your web server to serve the files in :setting:`STATIC_ROOT`
|
|
under the URL :setting:`STATIC_URL`. For example, here's
|
|
:ref:`how to do this with Apache and mod_wsgi <serving-files>`.
|
|
|
|
You'll probably want to automate this process, especially if you've got
|
|
multiple web servers.
|
|
|
|
Serving static files from a dedicated server
|
|
--------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Most larger Django sites use a separate Web server -- i.e., one that's not also
|
|
running Django -- for serving static files. This server often runs a different
|
|
type of web server -- faster but less full-featured. Some common choices are:
|
|
|
|
* Nginx_
|
|
* A stripped-down version of Apache_
|
|
|
|
.. _Nginx: https://nginx.org/en/
|
|
.. _Apache: https://httpd.apache.org/
|
|
|
|
Configuring these servers is out of scope of this document; check each
|
|
server's respective documentation for instructions.
|
|
|
|
Since your static file server won't be running Django, you'll need to modify
|
|
the deployment strategy to look something like:
|
|
|
|
* When your static files change, run :djadmin:`collectstatic` locally.
|
|
|
|
* Push your local :setting:`STATIC_ROOT` up to the static file server into the
|
|
directory that's being served. `rsync <https://rsync.samba.org/>`_ is a
|
|
common choice for this step since it only needs to transfer the bits of
|
|
static files that have changed.
|
|
|
|
.. _staticfiles-from-cdn:
|
|
|
|
Serving static files from a cloud service or CDN
|
|
------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Another common tactic is to serve static files from a cloud storage provider
|
|
like Amazon's S3 and/or a CDN (content delivery network). This lets you
|
|
ignore the problems of serving static files and can often make for
|
|
faster-loading Web pages (especially when using a CDN).
|
|
|
|
When using these services, the basic workflow would look a bit like the above,
|
|
except that instead of using ``rsync`` to transfer your static files to the
|
|
server you'd need to transfer the static files to the storage provider or CDN.
|
|
|
|
There's any number of ways you might do this, but if the provider has an API,
|
|
you can use a :doc:`custom file storage backend </howto/custom-file-storage>`
|
|
to integrate the CDN with your Django project. If you've written or are using a
|
|
3rd party custom storage backend, you can tell :djadmin:`collectstatic` to use
|
|
it by setting :setting:`STATICFILES_STORAGE` to the storage engine.
|
|
|
|
For example, if you've written an S3 storage backend in
|
|
``myproject.storage.S3Storage`` you could use it with::
|
|
|
|
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'myproject.storage.S3Storage'
|
|
|
|
Once that's done, all you have to do is run :djadmin:`collectstatic` and your
|
|
static files would be pushed through your storage package up to S3. If you
|
|
later needed to switch to a different storage provider, you may only have to
|
|
change your :setting:`STATICFILES_STORAGE` setting.
|
|
|
|
For details on how you'd write one of these backends, see
|
|
:doc:`/howto/custom-file-storage`. There are 3rd party apps available that
|
|
provide storage backends for many common file storage APIs. A good starting
|
|
point is the `overview at djangopackages.org
|
|
<https://djangopackages.org/grids/g/storage-backends/>`_.
|
|
|
|
Learn more
|
|
==========
|
|
|
|
For complete details on all the settings, commands, template tags, and other
|
|
pieces included in :mod:`django.contrib.staticfiles`, see :doc:`the
|
|
staticfiles reference </ref/contrib/staticfiles>`.
|