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622 lines
25 KiB
Python
622 lines
25 KiB
Python
import datetime
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from decimal import Decimal
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from django.core.exceptions import FieldDoesNotExist, FieldError
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from django.db.models import (
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BooleanField, CharField, Count, DateTimeField, ExpressionWrapper, F, Func,
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IntegerField, NullBooleanField, OuterRef, Q, Subquery, Sum, Value,
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)
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from django.db.models.expressions import RawSQL
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from django.db.models.functions import Length, Lower
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from django.test import TestCase, skipUnlessDBFeature
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from .models import (
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Author, Book, Company, DepartmentStore, Employee, Publisher, Store, Ticket,
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)
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def cxOracle_py3_bug(func):
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"""
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There's a bug in Django/cx_Oracle with respect to string handling under
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Python 3 (essentially, they treat Python 3 strings as Python 2 strings
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rather than unicode). This makes some tests here fail under Python 3, so
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we mark them as expected failures until someone fixes them in #23843.
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"""
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from unittest import expectedFailure
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from django.db import connection
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return expectedFailure(func) if connection.vendor == 'oracle' else func
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class NonAggregateAnnotationTestCase(TestCase):
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@classmethod
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def setUpTestData(cls):
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cls.a1 = Author.objects.create(name='Adrian Holovaty', age=34)
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cls.a2 = Author.objects.create(name='Jacob Kaplan-Moss', age=35)
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cls.a3 = Author.objects.create(name='Brad Dayley', age=45)
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cls.a4 = Author.objects.create(name='James Bennett', age=29)
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cls.a5 = Author.objects.create(name='Jeffrey Forcier', age=37)
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cls.a6 = Author.objects.create(name='Paul Bissex', age=29)
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cls.a7 = Author.objects.create(name='Wesley J. Chun', age=25)
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cls.a8 = Author.objects.create(name='Peter Norvig', age=57)
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cls.a9 = Author.objects.create(name='Stuart Russell', age=46)
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cls.a1.friends.add(cls.a2, cls.a4)
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cls.a2.friends.add(cls.a1, cls.a7)
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cls.a4.friends.add(cls.a1)
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cls.a5.friends.add(cls.a6, cls.a7)
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cls.a6.friends.add(cls.a5, cls.a7)
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cls.a7.friends.add(cls.a2, cls.a5, cls.a6)
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cls.a8.friends.add(cls.a9)
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cls.a9.friends.add(cls.a8)
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cls.p1 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Apress', num_awards=3)
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cls.p2 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Sams', num_awards=1)
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cls.p3 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Prentice Hall', num_awards=7)
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cls.p4 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Morgan Kaufmann', num_awards=9)
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cls.p5 = Publisher.objects.create(name="Jonno's House of Books", num_awards=0)
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cls.b1 = Book.objects.create(
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isbn='159059725', name='The Definitive Guide to Django: Web Development Done Right',
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pages=447, rating=4.5, price=Decimal('30.00'), contact=cls.a1, publisher=cls.p1,
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pubdate=datetime.date(2007, 12, 6)
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)
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cls.b2 = Book.objects.create(
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isbn='067232959', name='Sams Teach Yourself Django in 24 Hours',
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pages=528, rating=3.0, price=Decimal('23.09'), contact=cls.a3, publisher=cls.p2,
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pubdate=datetime.date(2008, 3, 3)
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)
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cls.b3 = Book.objects.create(
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isbn='159059996', name='Practical Django Projects',
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pages=300, rating=4.0, price=Decimal('29.69'), contact=cls.a4, publisher=cls.p1,
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pubdate=datetime.date(2008, 6, 23)
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)
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cls.b4 = Book.objects.create(
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isbn='013235613', name='Python Web Development with Django',
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pages=350, rating=4.0, price=Decimal('29.69'), contact=cls.a5, publisher=cls.p3,
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pubdate=datetime.date(2008, 11, 3)
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)
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cls.b5 = Book.objects.create(
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isbn='013790395', name='Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach',
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pages=1132, rating=4.0, price=Decimal('82.80'), contact=cls.a8, publisher=cls.p3,
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pubdate=datetime.date(1995, 1, 15)
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)
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cls.b6 = Book.objects.create(
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isbn='155860191', name='Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence Programming: Case Studies in Common Lisp',
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pages=946, rating=5.0, price=Decimal('75.00'), contact=cls.a8, publisher=cls.p4,
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pubdate=datetime.date(1991, 10, 15)
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)
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cls.b1.authors.add(cls.a1, cls.a2)
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cls.b2.authors.add(cls.a3)
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cls.b3.authors.add(cls.a4)
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cls.b4.authors.add(cls.a5, cls.a6, cls.a7)
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cls.b5.authors.add(cls.a8, cls.a9)
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cls.b6.authors.add(cls.a8)
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s1 = Store.objects.create(
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name='Amazon.com',
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original_opening=datetime.datetime(1994, 4, 23, 9, 17, 42),
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friday_night_closing=datetime.time(23, 59, 59)
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)
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s2 = Store.objects.create(
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name='Books.com',
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original_opening=datetime.datetime(2001, 3, 15, 11, 23, 37),
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friday_night_closing=datetime.time(23, 59, 59)
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)
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s3 = Store.objects.create(
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name="Mamma and Pappa's Books",
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original_opening=datetime.datetime(1945, 4, 25, 16, 24, 14),
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friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21, 30)
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)
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s1.books.add(cls.b1, cls.b2, cls.b3, cls.b4, cls.b5, cls.b6)
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s2.books.add(cls.b1, cls.b3, cls.b5, cls.b6)
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s3.books.add(cls.b3, cls.b4, cls.b6)
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def test_basic_annotation(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(
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is_book=Value(1, output_field=IntegerField()))
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for book in books:
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self.assertEqual(book.is_book, 1)
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def test_basic_f_annotation(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(another_rating=F('rating'))
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for book in books:
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self.assertEqual(book.another_rating, book.rating)
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def test_joined_annotation(self):
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books = Book.objects.select_related('publisher').annotate(
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num_awards=F('publisher__num_awards'))
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for book in books:
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self.assertEqual(book.num_awards, book.publisher.num_awards)
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def test_mixed_type_annotation_date_interval(self):
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active = datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 20, 14, 0, 0)
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duration = datetime.timedelta(hours=1)
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expires = datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 20, 14, 0, 0) + duration
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Ticket.objects.create(active_at=active, duration=duration)
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t = Ticket.objects.annotate(
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expires=ExpressionWrapper(F('active_at') + F('duration'), output_field=DateTimeField())
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).first()
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self.assertEqual(t.expires, expires)
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def test_mixed_type_annotation_numbers(self):
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test = self.b1
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b = Book.objects.annotate(
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combined=ExpressionWrapper(F('pages') + F('rating'), output_field=IntegerField())
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).get(isbn=test.isbn)
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combined = int(test.pages + test.rating)
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self.assertEqual(b.combined, combined)
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def test_empty_expression_annotation(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(
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selected=ExpressionWrapper(Q(pk__in=[]), output_field=BooleanField())
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)
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self.assertEqual(len(books), Book.objects.count())
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self.assertTrue(all(not book.selected for book in books))
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books = Book.objects.annotate(
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selected=ExpressionWrapper(Q(pk__in=Book.objects.none()), output_field=BooleanField())
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)
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self.assertEqual(len(books), Book.objects.count())
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self.assertTrue(all(not book.selected for book in books))
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def test_annotate_with_aggregation(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(
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is_book=Value(1, output_field=IntegerField()),
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rating_count=Count('rating'))
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for book in books:
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self.assertEqual(book.is_book, 1)
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self.assertEqual(book.rating_count, 1)
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def test_aggregate_over_annotation(self):
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agg = Author.objects.annotate(other_age=F('age')).aggregate(otherage_sum=Sum('other_age'))
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other_agg = Author.objects.aggregate(age_sum=Sum('age'))
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self.assertEqual(agg['otherage_sum'], other_agg['age_sum'])
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@skipUnlessDBFeature('can_distinct_on_fields')
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def test_distinct_on_with_annotation(self):
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store = Store.objects.create(
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name='test store',
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original_opening=datetime.datetime.now(),
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friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21, 00, 00),
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)
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names = [
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'Theodore Roosevelt',
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'Eleanor Roosevelt',
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'Franklin Roosevelt',
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'Ned Stark',
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'Catelyn Stark',
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]
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for name in names:
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Employee.objects.create(
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store=store,
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first_name=name.split()[0],
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last_name=name.split()[1],
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age=30, salary=2000,
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)
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people = Employee.objects.annotate(
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name_lower=Lower('last_name'),
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).distinct('name_lower')
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self.assertEqual({p.last_name for p in people}, {'Stark', 'Roosevelt'})
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self.assertEqual(len(people), 2)
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people2 = Employee.objects.annotate(
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test_alias=F('store__name'),
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).distinct('test_alias')
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self.assertEqual(len(people2), 1)
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lengths = Employee.objects.annotate(
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name_len=Length('first_name'),
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).distinct('name_len').values_list('name_len', flat=True)
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self.assertCountEqual(lengths, [3, 7, 8])
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def test_filter_annotation(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(
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is_book=Value(1, output_field=IntegerField())
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).filter(is_book=1)
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for book in books:
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self.assertEqual(book.is_book, 1)
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def test_filter_annotation_with_f(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(
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other_rating=F('rating')
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).filter(other_rating=3.5)
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for book in books:
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self.assertEqual(book.other_rating, 3.5)
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def test_filter_annotation_with_double_f(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(
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other_rating=F('rating')
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).filter(other_rating=F('rating'))
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for book in books:
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self.assertEqual(book.other_rating, book.rating)
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def test_filter_agg_with_double_f(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(
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sum_rating=Sum('rating')
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).filter(sum_rating=F('sum_rating'))
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for book in books:
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self.assertEqual(book.sum_rating, book.rating)
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def test_filter_wrong_annotation(self):
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with self.assertRaisesMessage(FieldError, "Cannot resolve keyword 'nope' into field."):
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list(Book.objects.annotate(
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sum_rating=Sum('rating')
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).filter(sum_rating=F('nope')))
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def test_decimal_annotation(self):
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salary = Decimal(10) ** -Employee._meta.get_field('salary').decimal_places
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Employee.objects.create(
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first_name='Max',
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last_name='Paine',
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store=Store.objects.first(),
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age=23,
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salary=salary,
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)
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self.assertEqual(
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Employee.objects.annotate(new_salary=F('salary') / 10).get().new_salary,
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salary / 10,
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)
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def test_filter_decimal_annotation(self):
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qs = Book.objects.annotate(new_price=F('price') + 1).filter(new_price=Decimal(31)).values_list('new_price')
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self.assertEqual(qs.get(), (Decimal(31),))
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def test_combined_annotation_commutative(self):
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book1 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=F('rating') + 2).get(pk=self.b1.pk)
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book2 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=2 + F('rating')).get(pk=self.b1.pk)
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self.assertEqual(book1.adjusted_rating, book2.adjusted_rating)
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book1 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=F('rating') + None).get(pk=self.b1.pk)
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book2 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=None + F('rating')).get(pk=self.b1.pk)
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self.assertEqual(book1.adjusted_rating, book2.adjusted_rating)
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def test_update_with_annotation(self):
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book_preupdate = Book.objects.get(pk=self.b2.pk)
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Book.objects.annotate(other_rating=F('rating') - 1).update(rating=F('other_rating'))
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book_postupdate = Book.objects.get(pk=self.b2.pk)
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self.assertEqual(book_preupdate.rating - 1, book_postupdate.rating)
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def test_annotation_with_m2m(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(author_age=F('authors__age')).filter(pk=self.b1.pk).order_by('author_age')
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self.assertEqual(books[0].author_age, 34)
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self.assertEqual(books[1].author_age, 35)
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def test_annotation_reverse_m2m(self):
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books = Book.objects.annotate(
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store_name=F('store__name'),
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).filter(
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name='Practical Django Projects',
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).order_by('store_name')
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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books, [
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'Amazon.com',
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'Books.com',
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'Mamma and Pappa\'s Books'
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],
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lambda b: b.store_name
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)
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def test_values_annotation(self):
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"""
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Annotations can reference fields in a values clause,
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and contribute to an existing values clause.
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"""
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# annotate references a field in values()
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qs = Book.objects.values('rating').annotate(other_rating=F('rating') - 1)
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book = qs.get(pk=self.b1.pk)
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self.assertEqual(book['rating'] - 1, book['other_rating'])
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# filter refs the annotated value
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book = qs.get(other_rating=4)
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self.assertEqual(book['other_rating'], 4)
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# can annotate an existing values with a new field
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book = qs.annotate(other_isbn=F('isbn')).get(other_rating=4)
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self.assertEqual(book['other_rating'], 4)
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self.assertEqual(book['other_isbn'], '155860191')
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def test_values_with_pk_annotation(self):
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# annotate references a field in values() with pk
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publishers = Publisher.objects.values('id', 'book__rating').annotate(total=Sum('book__rating'))
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for publisher in publishers.filter(pk=self.p1.pk):
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self.assertEqual(publisher['book__rating'], publisher['total'])
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@skipUnlessDBFeature('allows_group_by_pk')
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def test_rawsql_group_by_collapse(self):
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raw = RawSQL('SELECT MIN(id) FROM annotations_book', [])
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qs = Author.objects.values('id').annotate(
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min_book_id=raw,
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count_friends=Count('friends'),
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).order_by()
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_, _, group_by = qs.query.get_compiler(using='default').pre_sql_setup()
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self.assertEqual(len(group_by), 1)
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self.assertNotEqual(raw, group_by[0])
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def test_defer_annotation(self):
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"""
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Deferred attributes can be referenced by an annotation,
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but they are not themselves deferred, and cannot be deferred.
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"""
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qs = Book.objects.defer('rating').annotate(other_rating=F('rating') - 1)
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with self.assertNumQueries(2):
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book = qs.get(other_rating=4)
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self.assertEqual(book.rating, 5)
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self.assertEqual(book.other_rating, 4)
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with self.assertRaisesMessage(FieldDoesNotExist, "Book has no field named 'other_rating'"):
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book = qs.defer('other_rating').get(other_rating=4)
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def test_mti_annotations(self):
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"""
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Fields on an inherited model can be referenced by an
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annotated field.
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"""
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d = DepartmentStore.objects.create(
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name='Angus & Robinson',
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original_opening=datetime.date(2014, 3, 8),
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friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21, 00, 00),
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chain='Westfield'
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)
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books = Book.objects.filter(rating__gt=4)
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for b in books:
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d.books.add(b)
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qs = DepartmentStore.objects.annotate(
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other_name=F('name'),
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other_chain=F('chain'),
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is_open=Value(True, BooleanField()),
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book_isbn=F('books__isbn')
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).order_by('book_isbn').filter(chain='Westfield')
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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qs, [
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('Angus & Robinson', 'Westfield', True, '155860191'),
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('Angus & Robinson', 'Westfield', True, '159059725')
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],
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lambda d: (d.other_name, d.other_chain, d.is_open, d.book_isbn)
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)
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def test_null_annotation(self):
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"""
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Annotating None onto a model round-trips
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"""
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book = Book.objects.annotate(no_value=Value(None, output_field=IntegerField())).first()
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self.assertIsNone(book.no_value)
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def test_order_by_annotation(self):
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authors = Author.objects.annotate(other_age=F('age')).order_by('other_age')
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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authors, [
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25, 29, 29, 34, 35, 37, 45, 46, 57,
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],
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lambda a: a.other_age
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)
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def test_order_by_aggregate(self):
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authors = Author.objects.values('age').annotate(age_count=Count('age')).order_by('age_count', 'age')
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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authors, [
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(25, 1), (34, 1), (35, 1), (37, 1), (45, 1), (46, 1), (57, 1), (29, 2),
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],
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lambda a: (a['age'], a['age_count'])
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)
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def test_raw_sql_with_inherited_field(self):
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DepartmentStore.objects.create(
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name='Angus & Robinson',
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original_opening=datetime.date(2014, 3, 8),
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friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21),
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chain='Westfield',
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area=123,
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)
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tests = (
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('name', 'Angus & Robinson'),
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('surface', 123),
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("case when name='Angus & Robinson' then chain else name end", 'Westfield'),
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)
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for sql, expected_result in tests:
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with self.subTest(sql=sql):
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self.assertSequenceEqual(
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DepartmentStore.objects.annotate(
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annotation=RawSQL(sql, ()),
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).values_list('annotation', flat=True),
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[expected_result],
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)
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def test_annotate_exists(self):
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authors = Author.objects.annotate(c=Count('id')).filter(c__gt=1)
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self.assertFalse(authors.exists())
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def test_column_field_ordering(self):
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"""
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Columns are aligned in the correct order for resolve_columns. This test
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|
will fail on MySQL if column ordering is out. Column fields should be
|
|
aligned as:
|
|
1. extra_select
|
|
2. model_fields
|
|
3. annotation_fields
|
|
4. model_related_fields
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|
"""
|
|
store = Store.objects.first()
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Employee.objects.create(id=1, first_name='Max', manager=True, last_name='Paine',
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|
store=store, age=23, salary=Decimal(50000.00))
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|
Employee.objects.create(id=2, first_name='Buffy', manager=False, last_name='Summers',
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|
store=store, age=18, salary=Decimal(40000.00))
|
|
|
|
qs = Employee.objects.extra(
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|
select={'random_value': '42'}
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|
).select_related('store').annotate(
|
|
annotated_value=Value(17, output_field=IntegerField())
|
|
)
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|
|
|
rows = [
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|
(1, 'Max', True, 42, 'Paine', 23, Decimal(50000.00), store.name, 17),
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|
(2, 'Buffy', False, 42, 'Summers', 18, Decimal(40000.00), store.name, 17)
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
|
|
qs.order_by('id'), rows,
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|
lambda e: (
|
|
e.id, e.first_name, e.manager, e.random_value, e.last_name, e.age,
|
|
e.salary, e.store.name, e.annotated_value))
|
|
|
|
def test_column_field_ordering_with_deferred(self):
|
|
store = Store.objects.first()
|
|
Employee.objects.create(id=1, first_name='Max', manager=True, last_name='Paine',
|
|
store=store, age=23, salary=Decimal(50000.00))
|
|
Employee.objects.create(id=2, first_name='Buffy', manager=False, last_name='Summers',
|
|
store=store, age=18, salary=Decimal(40000.00))
|
|
|
|
qs = Employee.objects.extra(
|
|
select={'random_value': '42'}
|
|
).select_related('store').annotate(
|
|
annotated_value=Value(17, output_field=IntegerField())
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
rows = [
|
|
(1, 'Max', True, 42, 'Paine', 23, Decimal(50000.00), store.name, 17),
|
|
(2, 'Buffy', False, 42, 'Summers', 18, Decimal(40000.00), store.name, 17)
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
# and we respect deferred columns!
|
|
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
|
|
qs.defer('age').order_by('id'), rows,
|
|
lambda e: (
|
|
e.id, e.first_name, e.manager, e.random_value, e.last_name, e.age,
|
|
e.salary, e.store.name, e.annotated_value))
|
|
|
|
@cxOracle_py3_bug
|
|
def test_custom_functions(self):
|
|
Company(name='Apple', motto=None, ticker_name='APPL', description='Beautiful Devices').save()
|
|
Company(name='Django Software Foundation', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description=None).save()
|
|
Company(name='Google', motto='Do No Evil', ticker_name='GOOG', description='Internet Company').save()
|
|
Company(name='Yahoo', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description='Internet Company').save()
|
|
|
|
qs = Company.objects.annotate(
|
|
tagline=Func(
|
|
F('motto'),
|
|
F('ticker_name'),
|
|
F('description'),
|
|
Value('No Tag'),
|
|
function='COALESCE'
|
|
)
|
|
).order_by('name')
|
|
|
|
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
|
|
qs, [
|
|
('Apple', 'APPL'),
|
|
('Django Software Foundation', 'No Tag'),
|
|
('Google', 'Do No Evil'),
|
|
('Yahoo', 'Internet Company')
|
|
],
|
|
lambda c: (c.name, c.tagline)
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
@cxOracle_py3_bug
|
|
def test_custom_functions_can_ref_other_functions(self):
|
|
Company(name='Apple', motto=None, ticker_name='APPL', description='Beautiful Devices').save()
|
|
Company(name='Django Software Foundation', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description=None).save()
|
|
Company(name='Google', motto='Do No Evil', ticker_name='GOOG', description='Internet Company').save()
|
|
Company(name='Yahoo', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description='Internet Company').save()
|
|
|
|
class Lower(Func):
|
|
function = 'LOWER'
|
|
|
|
qs = Company.objects.annotate(
|
|
tagline=Func(
|
|
F('motto'),
|
|
F('ticker_name'),
|
|
F('description'),
|
|
Value('No Tag'),
|
|
function='COALESCE',
|
|
)
|
|
).annotate(
|
|
tagline_lower=Lower(F('tagline'), output_field=CharField())
|
|
).order_by('name')
|
|
|
|
# LOWER function supported by:
|
|
# oracle, postgres, mysql, sqlite, sqlserver
|
|
|
|
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
|
|
qs, [
|
|
('Apple', 'APPL'.lower()),
|
|
('Django Software Foundation', 'No Tag'.lower()),
|
|
('Google', 'Do No Evil'.lower()),
|
|
('Yahoo', 'Internet Company'.lower())
|
|
],
|
|
lambda c: (c.name, c.tagline_lower)
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def test_boolean_value_annotation(self):
|
|
books = Book.objects.annotate(
|
|
is_book=Value(True, output_field=BooleanField()),
|
|
is_pony=Value(False, output_field=BooleanField()),
|
|
is_none=Value(None, output_field=BooleanField(null=True)),
|
|
is_none_old=Value(None, output_field=NullBooleanField()),
|
|
)
|
|
self.assertGreater(len(books), 0)
|
|
for book in books:
|
|
self.assertIs(book.is_book, True)
|
|
self.assertIs(book.is_pony, False)
|
|
self.assertIsNone(book.is_none)
|
|
self.assertIsNone(book.is_none_old)
|
|
|
|
def test_annotation_in_f_grouped_by_annotation(self):
|
|
qs = (
|
|
Publisher.objects.annotate(multiplier=Value(3))
|
|
# group by option => sum of value * multiplier
|
|
.values('name')
|
|
.annotate(multiplied_value_sum=Sum(F('multiplier') * F('num_awards')))
|
|
.order_by()
|
|
)
|
|
self.assertCountEqual(
|
|
qs, [
|
|
{'multiplied_value_sum': 9, 'name': 'Apress'},
|
|
{'multiplied_value_sum': 0, 'name': "Jonno's House of Books"},
|
|
{'multiplied_value_sum': 27, 'name': 'Morgan Kaufmann'},
|
|
{'multiplied_value_sum': 21, 'name': 'Prentice Hall'},
|
|
{'multiplied_value_sum': 3, 'name': 'Sams'},
|
|
]
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def test_arguments_must_be_expressions(self):
|
|
msg = 'QuerySet.annotate() received non-expression(s): %s.'
|
|
with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg % BooleanField()):
|
|
Book.objects.annotate(BooleanField())
|
|
with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg % True):
|
|
Book.objects.annotate(is_book=True)
|
|
with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg % ', '.join([str(BooleanField()), 'True'])):
|
|
Book.objects.annotate(BooleanField(), Value(False), is_book=True)
|
|
|
|
def test_chaining_annotation_filter_with_m2m(self):
|
|
qs = Author.objects.filter(
|
|
name='Adrian Holovaty',
|
|
friends__age=35,
|
|
).annotate(
|
|
jacob_name=F('friends__name'),
|
|
).filter(
|
|
friends__age=29,
|
|
).annotate(
|
|
james_name=F('friends__name'),
|
|
).values('jacob_name', 'james_name')
|
|
self.assertCountEqual(
|
|
qs,
|
|
[{'jacob_name': 'Jacob Kaplan-Moss', 'james_name': 'James Bennett'}],
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def test_annotation_filter_with_subquery(self):
|
|
long_books_qs = Book.objects.filter(
|
|
publisher=OuterRef('pk'),
|
|
pages__gt=400,
|
|
).values('publisher').annotate(count=Count('pk')).values('count')
|
|
publisher_books_qs = Publisher.objects.annotate(
|
|
total_books=Count('book'),
|
|
).filter(
|
|
total_books=Subquery(long_books_qs, output_field=IntegerField()),
|
|
).values('name')
|
|
self.assertCountEqual(publisher_books_qs, [{'name': 'Sams'}, {'name': 'Morgan Kaufmann'}])
|