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138 lines
5.1 KiB
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138 lines
5.1 KiB
Plaintext
==============================================================
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How to authenticate against Django's user database from Apache
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==============================================================
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Since keeping multiple authentication databases in sync is a common problem when
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dealing with Apache, you can configure Apache to authenticate against Django's
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:doc:`authentication system </topics/auth/index>` directly. This requires Apache
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version >= 2.2 and mod_wsgi >= 2.0. For example, you could:
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* Serve static/media files directly from Apache only to authenticated users.
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* Authenticate access to a Subversion_ repository against Django users with
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a certain permission.
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* Allow certain users to connect to a WebDAV share created with mod_dav_.
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.. note::
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If you have installed a :ref:`custom user model <auth-custom-user>` and
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want to use this default auth handler, it must support an ``is_active``
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attribute. If you want to use group based authorization, your custom user
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must have a relation named 'groups', referring to a related object that has
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a 'name' field. You can also specify your own custom mod_wsgi
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auth handler if your custom cannot conform to these requirements.
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.. _Subversion: https://subversion.apache.org/
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.. _mod_dav: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_dav.html
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Authentication with ``mod_wsgi``
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================================
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.. note::
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The use of ``WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}`` in the configurations below
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presumes that your Apache instance is running only one Django application.
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If you are running more than one Django application, please refer to the
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`Defining Application Groups`_ section of the mod_wsgi docs for more
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information about this setting.
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Make sure that mod_wsgi is installed and activated and that you have
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followed the steps to set up :doc:`Apache with mod_wsgi
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</howto/deployment/wsgi/modwsgi>`.
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Next, edit your Apache configuration to add a location that you want
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only authenticated users to be able to view:
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.. code-block:: apache
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WSGIScriptAlias / /path/to/mysite.com/mysite/wsgi.py
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WSGIPythonPath /path/to/mysite.com
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WSGIProcessGroup %{GLOBAL}
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WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
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<Location "/secret">
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AuthType Basic
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AuthName "Top Secret"
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Require valid-user
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AuthBasicProvider wsgi
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WSGIAuthUserScript /path/to/mysite.com/mysite/wsgi.py
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</Location>
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The ``WSGIAuthUserScript`` directive tells mod_wsgi to execute the
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``check_password`` function in specified wsgi script, passing the user name and
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password that it receives from the prompt. In this example, the
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``WSGIAuthUserScript`` is the same as the ``WSGIScriptAlias`` that defines your
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application :doc:`that is created by django-admin startproject
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</howto/deployment/wsgi/index>`.
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.. admonition:: Using Apache 2.2 with authentication
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Make sure that ``mod_auth_basic`` and ``mod_authz_user`` are loaded.
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These might be compiled statically into Apache, or you might need to use
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LoadModule to load them dynamically in your ``httpd.conf``:
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.. code-block:: apache
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LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
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LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
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Finally, edit your WSGI script ``mysite.wsgi`` to tie Apache's authentication
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to your site's authentication mechanisms by importing the ``check_password``
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function::
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import os
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os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mysite.settings'
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from django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi import check_password
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from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler
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application = WSGIHandler()
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Requests beginning with ``/secret/`` will now require a user to authenticate.
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The mod_wsgi `access control mechanisms documentation`_ provides additional
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details and information about alternative methods of authentication.
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.. _Defining Application Groups: https://modwsgi.readthedocs.io/en/develop/user-guides/configuration-guidelines.html#defining-application-groups
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.. _access control mechanisms documentation: https://modwsgi.readthedocs.io/en/develop/user-guides/access-control-mechanisms.html
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Authorization with ``mod_wsgi`` and Django groups
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-------------------------------------------------
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mod_wsgi also provides functionality to restrict a particular location to
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members of a group.
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In this case, the Apache configuration should look like this:
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.. code-block:: apache
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WSGIScriptAlias / /path/to/mysite.com/mysite/wsgi.py
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WSGIProcessGroup %{GLOBAL}
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WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
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<Location "/secret">
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AuthType Basic
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AuthName "Top Secret"
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AuthBasicProvider wsgi
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WSGIAuthUserScript /path/to/mysite.com/mysite/wsgi.py
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WSGIAuthGroupScript /path/to/mysite.com/mysite/wsgi.py
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Require group secret-agents
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Require valid-user
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</Location>
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To support the ``WSGIAuthGroupScript`` directive, the same WSGI script
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``mysite.wsgi`` must also import the ``groups_for_user`` function which
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returns a list groups the given user belongs to.
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.. code-block:: python
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from django.contrib.auth.handlers.modwsgi import check_password, groups_for_user
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Requests for ``/secret/`` will now also require user to be a member of the
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"secret-agents" group.
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