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ab148c02ce
Raising DatabaseError directly made it harder than it should to differentiate between IntegrityError when a forced update resulted in no affected rows. Introducing a specialized exception allows for callers to more easily silence, log, or turn them update failures into user facing exceptions (e.g. 404s). Thanks Mariusz for the review.
359 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
359 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
=================
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Django Exceptions
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=================
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Django raises some of its own exceptions as well as standard Python exceptions.
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Django Core Exceptions
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======================
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.. module:: django.core.exceptions
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:synopsis: Django core exceptions
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Django core exception classes are defined in ``django.core.exceptions``.
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``AppRegistryNotReady``
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-----------------------
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.. exception:: AppRegistryNotReady
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This exception is raised when attempting to use models before the :ref:`app
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loading process <app-loading-process>`, which initializes the ORM, is
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complete.
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``ObjectDoesNotExist``
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----------------------
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.. exception:: ObjectDoesNotExist
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The base class for :exc:`Model.DoesNotExist
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<django.db.models.Model.DoesNotExist>` exceptions. A ``try/except`` for
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``ObjectDoesNotExist`` will catch
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:exc:`~django.db.models.Model.DoesNotExist` exceptions for all models.
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See :meth:`~django.db.models.query.QuerySet.get()`.
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``ObjectNotUpdated``
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--------------------
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.. versionadded:: 6.0
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.. exception:: ObjectNotUpdated
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The base class for :exc:`Model.NotUpdated
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<django.db.models.Model.NotUpdated>` exceptions. A ``try/except`` for
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``ObjectNotUpdated`` will catch
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:exc:`~django.db.models.Model.NotUpdated` exceptions for all models.
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See :meth:`~django.db.models.Model.save()`.
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``EmptyResultSet``
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------------------
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.. exception:: EmptyResultSet
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``EmptyResultSet`` may be raised during query generation if a query won't
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return any results. Most Django projects won't encounter this exception,
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but it might be useful for implementing custom lookups and expressions.
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``FullResultSet``
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-----------------
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.. exception:: FullResultSet
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``FullResultSet`` may be raised during query generation if a query will
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match everything. Most Django projects won't encounter this exception, but
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it might be useful for implementing custom lookups and expressions.
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``FieldDoesNotExist``
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---------------------
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.. exception:: FieldDoesNotExist
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The ``FieldDoesNotExist`` exception is raised by a model's
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``_meta.get_field()`` method when the requested field does not exist on the
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model or on the model's parents.
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``MultipleObjectsReturned``
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---------------------------
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.. exception:: MultipleObjectsReturned
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The base class for :exc:`Model.MultipleObjectsReturned
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<django.db.models.Model.MultipleObjectsReturned>` exceptions. A
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``try/except`` for ``MultipleObjectsReturned`` will catch
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:exc:`~django.db.models.Model.MultipleObjectsReturned` exceptions for all
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models.
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See :meth:`~django.db.models.query.QuerySet.get()`.
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``SuspiciousOperation``
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-----------------------
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.. exception:: SuspiciousOperation
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The :exc:`SuspiciousOperation` exception is raised when a user has
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performed an operation that should be considered suspicious from a security
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perspective, such as tampering with a session cookie. Subclasses of
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``SuspiciousOperation`` include:
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* ``DisallowedHost``
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* ``DisallowedModelAdminLookup``
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* ``DisallowedModelAdminToField``
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* ``DisallowedRedirect``
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* ``InvalidSessionKey``
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* ``RequestDataTooBig``
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* ``SuspiciousFileOperation``
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* ``SuspiciousMultipartForm``
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* ``SuspiciousSession``
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* ``TooManyFieldsSent``
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* ``TooManyFilesSent``
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If a ``SuspiciousOperation`` exception reaches the ASGI/WSGI handler level
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it is logged at the ``Error`` level and results in
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a :class:`~django.http.HttpResponseBadRequest`. See the :doc:`logging
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documentation </topics/logging/>` for more information.
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``PermissionDenied``
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--------------------
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.. exception:: PermissionDenied
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The :exc:`PermissionDenied` exception is raised when a user does not have
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permission to perform the action requested.
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``ViewDoesNotExist``
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--------------------
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.. exception:: ViewDoesNotExist
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The :exc:`ViewDoesNotExist` exception is raised by
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:mod:`django.urls` when a requested view does not exist.
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``MiddlewareNotUsed``
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---------------------
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.. exception:: MiddlewareNotUsed
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The :exc:`MiddlewareNotUsed` exception is raised when a middleware is not
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used in the server configuration.
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``ImproperlyConfigured``
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------------------------
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.. exception:: ImproperlyConfigured
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The :exc:`ImproperlyConfigured` exception is raised when Django is
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somehow improperly configured -- for example, if a value in ``settings.py``
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is incorrect or unparseable.
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``FieldError``
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--------------
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.. exception:: FieldError
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The :exc:`FieldError` exception is raised when there is a problem with a
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model field. This can happen for several reasons:
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- A field in a model clashes with a field of the same name from an
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abstract base class
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- An infinite loop is caused by ordering
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- A keyword cannot be parsed from the filter parameters
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- A field cannot be determined from a keyword in the query
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parameters
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- A join is not permitted on the specified field
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- A field name is invalid
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- A query contains invalid order_by arguments
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``ValidationError``
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-------------------
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.. exception:: ValidationError
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The :exc:`ValidationError` exception is raised when data fails form or
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model field validation. For more information about validation, see
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:doc:`Form and Field Validation </ref/forms/validation>`,
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:ref:`Model Field Validation <validating-objects>` and the
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:doc:`Validator Reference </ref/validators>`.
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``NON_FIELD_ERRORS``
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.. data:: NON_FIELD_ERRORS
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``ValidationError``\s that don't belong to a particular field in a form
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or model are classified as ``NON_FIELD_ERRORS``. This constant is used
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as a key in dictionaries that otherwise map fields to their respective
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list of errors.
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``BadRequest``
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--------------
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.. exception:: BadRequest
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The :exc:`BadRequest` exception is raised when the request cannot be
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processed due to a client error. If a ``BadRequest`` exception reaches the
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ASGI/WSGI handler level it results in a
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:class:`~django.http.HttpResponseBadRequest`.
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``RequestAborted``
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------------------
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.. exception:: RequestAborted
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The :exc:`RequestAborted` exception is raised when an HTTP body being read
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in by the handler is cut off midstream and the client connection closes,
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or when the client does not send data and hits a timeout where the server
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closes the connection.
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It is internal to the HTTP handler modules and you are unlikely to see
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it elsewhere. If you are modifying HTTP handling code, you should raise
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this when you encounter an aborted request to make sure the socket is
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closed cleanly.
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``SynchronousOnlyOperation``
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----------------------------
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.. exception:: SynchronousOnlyOperation
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The :exc:`SynchronousOnlyOperation` exception is raised when code that
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is only allowed in synchronous Python code is called from an asynchronous
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context (a thread with a running asynchronous event loop). These parts of
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Django are generally heavily reliant on thread-safety to function and don't
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work correctly under coroutines sharing the same thread.
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If you are trying to call code that is synchronous-only from an
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asynchronous thread, then create a synchronous thread and call it in that.
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You can accomplish this is with :func:`asgiref.sync.sync_to_async`.
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.. currentmodule:: django.urls
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URL Resolver exceptions
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=======================
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URL Resolver exceptions are defined in ``django.urls``.
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``Resolver404``
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---------------
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.. exception:: Resolver404
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The :exc:`Resolver404` exception is raised by
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:func:`~django.urls.resolve()` if the path passed to ``resolve()`` doesn't
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map to a view. It's a subclass of :class:`django.http.Http404`.
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``NoReverseMatch``
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------------------
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.. exception:: NoReverseMatch
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The :exc:`NoReverseMatch` exception is raised by :mod:`django.urls` when a
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matching URL in your URLconf cannot be identified based on the parameters
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supplied.
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.. currentmodule:: django.db
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Database Exceptions
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===================
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Database exceptions may be imported from ``django.db``.
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Django wraps the standard database exceptions so that your Django code has a
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guaranteed common implementation of these classes.
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.. exception:: Error
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.. exception:: InterfaceError
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.. exception:: DatabaseError
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.. exception:: DataError
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.. exception:: OperationalError
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.. exception:: IntegrityError
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.. exception:: InternalError
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.. exception:: ProgrammingError
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.. exception:: NotSupportedError
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The Django wrappers for database exceptions behave exactly the same as
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the underlying database exceptions. See :pep:`249`, the Python Database API
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Specification v2.0, for further information.
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As per :pep:`3134`, a ``__cause__`` attribute is set with the original
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(underlying) database exception, allowing access to any additional
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information provided.
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.. exception:: models.ProtectedError
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Raised to prevent deletion of referenced objects when using
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:attr:`django.db.models.PROTECT`. :exc:`models.ProtectedError` is a subclass
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of :exc:`IntegrityError`.
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.. exception:: models.RestrictedError
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Raised to prevent deletion of referenced objects when using
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:attr:`django.db.models.RESTRICT`. :exc:`models.RestrictedError` is a subclass
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of :exc:`IntegrityError`.
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.. currentmodule:: django.http
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HTTP Exceptions
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===============
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HTTP exceptions may be imported from ``django.http``.
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``UnreadablePostError``
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-----------------------
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.. exception:: UnreadablePostError
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:exc:`UnreadablePostError` is raised when a user cancels an upload.
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.. currentmodule:: django.contrib.sessions.exceptions
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Sessions Exceptions
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===================
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Sessions exceptions are defined in ``django.contrib.sessions.exceptions``.
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``SessionInterrupted``
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----------------------
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.. exception:: SessionInterrupted
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:exc:`SessionInterrupted` is raised when a session is destroyed in a
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concurrent request. It's a subclass of
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:exc:`~django.core.exceptions.BadRequest`.
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Transaction Exceptions
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======================
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.. currentmodule:: django.db.transaction
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Transaction exceptions are defined in ``django.db.transaction``.
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``TransactionManagementError``
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------------------------------
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.. exception:: TransactionManagementError
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:exc:`TransactionManagementError` is raised for any and all problems
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related to database transactions.
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.. currentmodule:: django.test
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Testing Framework Exceptions
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============================
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Exceptions provided by the ``django.test`` package.
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``RedirectCycleError``
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----------------------
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.. exception:: client.RedirectCycleError
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:exc:`~client.RedirectCycleError` is raised when the test client detects a
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loop or an overly long chain of redirects.
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Python Exceptions
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=================
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Django raises built-in Python exceptions when appropriate as well. See the
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Python documentation for further information on the :ref:`bltin-exceptions`.
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