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django/tests/postgres_tests/test_constraints.py
Mads Jensen a3417282ac Fixed #29824 -- Added support for database exclusion constraints on PostgreSQL.
Thanks to Nick Pope and Mariusz Felisiak for review.

Co-Authored-By: Mariusz Felisiak <felisiak.mariusz@gmail.com>
2019-07-16 18:04:41 +02:00

330 lines
13 KiB
Python

import datetime
from django.db import connection, transaction
from django.db.models import F, Func, Q
from django.db.models.constraints import CheckConstraint
from django.db.utils import IntegrityError
from django.utils import timezone
from . import PostgreSQLTestCase
from .models import HotelReservation, RangesModel, Room
try:
from django.contrib.postgres.constraints import ExclusionConstraint
from django.contrib.postgres.fields import DateTimeRangeField, RangeBoundary, RangeOperators
from psycopg2.extras import DateRange, NumericRange
except ImportError:
pass
class SchemaTests(PostgreSQLTestCase):
def get_constraints(self, table):
"""Get the constraints on the table using a new cursor."""
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
return connection.introspection.get_constraints(cursor, table)
def test_check_constraint_range_value(self):
constraint_name = 'ints_between'
self.assertNotIn(constraint_name, self.get_constraints(RangesModel._meta.db_table))
constraint = CheckConstraint(
check=Q(ints__contained_by=NumericRange(10, 30)),
name=constraint_name,
)
with connection.schema_editor() as editor:
editor.add_constraint(RangesModel, constraint)
self.assertIn(constraint_name, self.get_constraints(RangesModel._meta.db_table))
with self.assertRaises(IntegrityError), transaction.atomic():
RangesModel.objects.create(ints=(20, 50))
RangesModel.objects.create(ints=(10, 30))
def test_check_constraint_daterange_contains(self):
constraint_name = 'dates_contains'
self.assertNotIn(constraint_name, self.get_constraints(RangesModel._meta.db_table))
constraint = CheckConstraint(
check=Q(dates__contains=F('dates_inner')),
name=constraint_name,
)
with connection.schema_editor() as editor:
editor.add_constraint(RangesModel, constraint)
self.assertIn(constraint_name, self.get_constraints(RangesModel._meta.db_table))
date_1 = datetime.date(2016, 1, 1)
date_2 = datetime.date(2016, 1, 4)
with self.assertRaises(IntegrityError), transaction.atomic():
RangesModel.objects.create(
dates=(date_1, date_2),
dates_inner=(date_1, date_2.replace(day=5)),
)
RangesModel.objects.create(
dates=(date_1, date_2),
dates_inner=(date_1, date_2),
)
def test_check_constraint_datetimerange_contains(self):
constraint_name = 'timestamps_contains'
self.assertNotIn(constraint_name, self.get_constraints(RangesModel._meta.db_table))
constraint = CheckConstraint(
check=Q(timestamps__contains=F('timestamps_inner')),
name=constraint_name,
)
with connection.schema_editor() as editor:
editor.add_constraint(RangesModel, constraint)
self.assertIn(constraint_name, self.get_constraints(RangesModel._meta.db_table))
datetime_1 = datetime.datetime(2016, 1, 1)
datetime_2 = datetime.datetime(2016, 1, 2, 12)
with self.assertRaises(IntegrityError), transaction.atomic():
RangesModel.objects.create(
timestamps=(datetime_1, datetime_2),
timestamps_inner=(datetime_1, datetime_2.replace(hour=13)),
)
RangesModel.objects.create(
timestamps=(datetime_1, datetime_2),
timestamps_inner=(datetime_1, datetime_2),
)
class ExclusionConstraintTests(PostgreSQLTestCase):
def get_constraints(self, table):
"""Get the constraints on the table using a new cursor."""
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
return connection.introspection.get_constraints(cursor, table)
def test_invalid_condition(self):
msg = 'ExclusionConstraint.condition must be a Q instance.'
with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
ExclusionConstraint(
index_type='GIST',
name='exclude_invalid_condition',
expressions=[(F('datespan'), RangeOperators.OVERLAPS)],
condition=F('invalid'),
)
def test_invalid_index_type(self):
msg = 'Exclusion constraints only support GiST or SP-GiST indexes.'
with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
ExclusionConstraint(
index_type='gin',
name='exclude_invalid_index_type',
expressions=[(F('datespan'), RangeOperators.OVERLAPS)],
)
def test_invalid_expressions(self):
msg = 'The expressions must be a list of 2-tuples.'
for expressions in (['foo'], [('foo')], [('foo_1', 'foo_2', 'foo_3')]):
with self.subTest(expressions), self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
ExclusionConstraint(
index_type='GIST',
name='exclude_invalid_expressions',
expressions=expressions,
)
def test_empty_expressions(self):
msg = 'At least one expression is required to define an exclusion constraint.'
for empty_expressions in (None, []):
with self.subTest(empty_expressions), self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
ExclusionConstraint(
index_type='GIST',
name='exclude_empty_expressions',
expressions=empty_expressions,
)
def test_repr(self):
constraint = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping',
expressions=[
(F('datespan'), RangeOperators.OVERLAPS),
(F('room'), RangeOperators.EQUAL),
],
)
self.assertEqual(
repr(constraint),
"<ExclusionConstraint: index_type=GIST, expressions=["
"(F(datespan), '&&'), (F(room), '=')]>",
)
constraint = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping',
expressions=[(F('datespan'), RangeOperators.ADJACENT_TO)],
condition=Q(cancelled=False),
index_type='SPGiST',
)
self.assertEqual(
repr(constraint),
"<ExclusionConstraint: index_type=SPGiST, expressions=["
"(F(datespan), '-|-')], condition=(AND: ('cancelled', False))>",
)
def test_eq(self):
constraint_1 = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping',
expressions=[
(F('datespan'), RangeOperators.OVERLAPS),
(F('room'), RangeOperators.EQUAL),
],
condition=Q(cancelled=False),
)
constraint_2 = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping',
expressions=[
('datespan', RangeOperators.OVERLAPS),
('room', RangeOperators.EQUAL),
],
)
constraint_3 = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping',
expressions=[('datespan', RangeOperators.OVERLAPS)],
condition=Q(cancelled=False),
)
self.assertEqual(constraint_1, constraint_1)
self.assertNotEqual(constraint_1, constraint_2)
self.assertNotEqual(constraint_1, constraint_3)
self.assertNotEqual(constraint_2, constraint_3)
self.assertNotEqual(constraint_1, object())
def test_deconstruct(self):
constraint = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping',
expressions=[('datespan', RangeOperators.OVERLAPS), ('room', RangeOperators.EQUAL)],
)
path, args, kwargs = constraint.deconstruct()
self.assertEqual(path, 'django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint')
self.assertEqual(args, ())
self.assertEqual(kwargs, {
'name': 'exclude_overlapping',
'expressions': [('datespan', RangeOperators.OVERLAPS), ('room', RangeOperators.EQUAL)],
})
def test_deconstruct_index_type(self):
constraint = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping',
index_type='SPGIST',
expressions=[('datespan', RangeOperators.OVERLAPS), ('room', RangeOperators.EQUAL)],
)
path, args, kwargs = constraint.deconstruct()
self.assertEqual(path, 'django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint')
self.assertEqual(args, ())
self.assertEqual(kwargs, {
'name': 'exclude_overlapping',
'index_type': 'SPGIST',
'expressions': [('datespan', RangeOperators.OVERLAPS), ('room', RangeOperators.EQUAL)],
})
def test_deconstruct_condition(self):
constraint = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping',
expressions=[('datespan', RangeOperators.OVERLAPS), ('room', RangeOperators.EQUAL)],
condition=Q(cancelled=False),
)
path, args, kwargs = constraint.deconstruct()
self.assertEqual(path, 'django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint')
self.assertEqual(args, ())
self.assertEqual(kwargs, {
'name': 'exclude_overlapping',
'expressions': [('datespan', RangeOperators.OVERLAPS), ('room', RangeOperators.EQUAL)],
'condition': Q(cancelled=False),
})
def _test_range_overlaps(self, constraint):
# Create exclusion constraint.
self.assertNotIn(constraint.name, self.get_constraints(HotelReservation._meta.db_table))
with connection.schema_editor() as editor:
editor.add_constraint(HotelReservation, constraint)
self.assertIn(constraint.name, self.get_constraints(HotelReservation._meta.db_table))
# Add initial reservations.
room101 = Room.objects.create(number=101)
room102 = Room.objects.create(number=102)
datetimes = [
timezone.datetime(2018, 6, 20),
timezone.datetime(2018, 6, 24),
timezone.datetime(2018, 6, 26),
timezone.datetime(2018, 6, 28),
timezone.datetime(2018, 6, 29),
]
HotelReservation.objects.create(
datespan=DateRange(datetimes[0].date(), datetimes[1].date()),
start=datetimes[0],
end=datetimes[1],
room=room102,
)
HotelReservation.objects.create(
datespan=DateRange(datetimes[1].date(), datetimes[3].date()),
start=datetimes[1],
end=datetimes[3],
room=room102,
)
# Overlap dates.
with self.assertRaises(IntegrityError), transaction.atomic():
reservation = HotelReservation(
datespan=(datetimes[1].date(), datetimes[2].date()),
start=datetimes[1],
end=datetimes[2],
room=room102,
)
reservation.save()
# Valid range.
HotelReservation.objects.bulk_create([
# Other room.
HotelReservation(
datespan=(datetimes[1].date(), datetimes[2].date()),
start=datetimes[1],
end=datetimes[2],
room=room101,
),
# Cancelled reservation.
HotelReservation(
datespan=(datetimes[1].date(), datetimes[1].date()),
start=datetimes[1],
end=datetimes[2],
room=room102,
cancelled=True,
),
# Other adjacent dates.
HotelReservation(
datespan=(datetimes[3].date(), datetimes[4].date()),
start=datetimes[3],
end=datetimes[4],
room=room102,
),
])
def test_range_overlaps_custom(self):
class TsTzRange(Func):
function = 'TSTZRANGE'
output_field = DateTimeRangeField()
constraint = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping_reservations_custom',
expressions=[
(TsTzRange('start', 'end', RangeBoundary()), RangeOperators.OVERLAPS),
('room', RangeOperators.EQUAL)
],
condition=Q(cancelled=False),
)
self._test_range_overlaps(constraint)
def test_range_overlaps(self):
constraint = ExclusionConstraint(
name='exclude_overlapping_reservations',
expressions=[
(F('datespan'), RangeOperators.OVERLAPS),
('room', RangeOperators.EQUAL)
],
condition=Q(cancelled=False),
)
self._test_range_overlaps(constraint)
def test_range_adjacent(self):
constraint_name = 'ints_adjacent'
self.assertNotIn(constraint_name, self.get_constraints(RangesModel._meta.db_table))
constraint = ExclusionConstraint(
name=constraint_name,
expressions=[('ints', RangeOperators.ADJACENT_TO)],
)
with connection.schema_editor() as editor:
editor.add_constraint(RangesModel, constraint)
self.assertIn(constraint_name, self.get_constraints(RangesModel._meta.db_table))
RangesModel.objects.create(ints=(20, 50))
with self.assertRaises(IntegrityError), transaction.atomic():
RangesModel.objects.create(ints=(10, 20))
RangesModel.objects.create(ints=(10, 19))
RangesModel.objects.create(ints=(51, 60))