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231 lines
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231 lines
7.1 KiB
Plaintext
.. _ref-geoip:
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======================
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Geolocation with GeoIP
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======================
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.. module:: django.contrib.gis.geoip
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:synopsis: High-level Python interface for MaxMind's GeoIP C library.
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.. versionchanged:: 1.4
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.. note::
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In Django 1.4, the :class:`GeoIP` object was moved out of
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:mod:`django.contrib.gis.utils` and into its own module,
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:mod:`django.contrib.gis.geoip`. A shortcut is still provided
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in ``utils``, but will be removed in Django 1.6.
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The :class:`GeoIP` object is a ctypes wrapper for the
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`MaxMind GeoIP C API`__. [#]_ This interface is a BSD-licensed alternative
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to the GPL-licensed `Python GeoIP`__ interface provided by MaxMind.
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In order to perform IP-based geolocation, the :class:`GeoIP` object requires
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the GeoIP C libary and either the GeoIP `Country`__ or `City`__
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datasets in binary format (the CSV files will not work!). These datasets may be
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`downloaded from MaxMind`__. Grab the ``GeoLiteCountry/GeoIP.dat.gz`` and
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``GeoLiteCity.dat.gz`` files and unzip them in a directory corresponding to what
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you set :setting:`GEOIP_PATH` with in your settings. See the example and
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reference below for more details.
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__ http://www.maxmind.com/app/c
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__ http://www.maxmind.com/app/python
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__ http://www.maxmind.com/app/country
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__ http://www.maxmind.com/app/city
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__ http://www.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/
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Example
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=======
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Assuming you have the GeoIP C library installed, here is an example of its
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usage::
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>>> from django.contrib.gis.geoip import GeoIP
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>>> g = GeoIP()
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>>> g.country('google.com')
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{'country_code': 'US', 'country_name': 'United States'}
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>>> g.city('72.14.207.99')
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{'area_code': 650,
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'city': 'Mountain View',
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'country_code': 'US',
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'country_code3': 'USA',
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'country_name': 'United States',
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'dma_code': 807,
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'latitude': 37.419200897216797,
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'longitude': -122.05740356445312,
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'postal_code': '94043',
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'region': 'CA'}
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>>> g.lat_lon('salon.com')
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(37.789798736572266, -122.39420318603516)
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>>> g.lon_lat('uh.edu')
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(-95.415199279785156, 29.77549934387207)
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>>> g.geos('24.124.1.80').wkt
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'POINT (-95.2087020874023438 39.0392990112304688)'
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``GeoIP`` Settings
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==================
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.. setting:: GEOIP_PATH
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GEOIP_PATH
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----------
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A string specifying the directory where the GeoIP data files are
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located. This setting is *required* unless manually specified
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with ``path`` keyword when initializing the :class:`GeoIP` object.
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.. setting:: GEOIP_LIBRARY_PATH
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GEOIP_LIBRARY_PATH
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------------------
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A string specifying the location of the GeoIP C library. Typically,
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this setting is only used if the GeoIP C library is in a non-standard
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location (e.g., ``/home/sue/lib/libGeoIP.so``).
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.. setting:: GEOIP_COUNTRY
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GEOIP_COUNTRY
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-------------
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The basename to use for the GeoIP country data file.
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Defaults to ``'GeoIP.dat'``.
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.. setting:: GEOIP_CITY
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GEOIP_CITY
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----------
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The basename to use for the GeoIP city data file.
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Defaults to ``'GeoLiteCity.dat'``.
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``GeoIP`` API
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=============
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.. class:: GeoIP([path=None, cache=0, country=None, city=None])
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The ``GeoIP`` object does not require any parameters to use the default
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settings. However, at the very least the :setting:`GEOIP_PATH` setting
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should be set with the path of the location of your GeoIP data sets. The
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following intialization keywords may be used to customize any of the
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defaults.
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=================== =======================================================
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Keyword Arguments Description
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=================== =======================================================
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``path`` Base directory to where GeoIP data is located or the
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full path to where the city or country data files
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(.dat) are located. Assumes that both the city and
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country data sets are located in this directory;
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overrides the :setting:`GEOIP_PATH` settings attribute.
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``cache`` The cache settings when opening up the GeoIP datasets,
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and may be an integer in (0, 1, 2, 4) corresponding to
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the ``GEOIP_STANDARD``, ``GEOIP_MEMORY_CACHE``,
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``GEOIP_CHECK_CACHE``, and ``GEOIP_INDEX_CACHE``
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``GeoIPOptions`` C API settings, respectively.
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Defaults to 0 (``GEOIP_STANDARD``).
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``country`` The name of the GeoIP country data file. Defaults
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to ``GeoIP.dat``. Setting this keyword overrides the
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:setting:`GEOIP_COUNTRY` settings attribute.
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``city`` The name of the GeoIP city data file. Defaults to
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``GeoLiteCity.dat``. Setting this keyword overrides
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the :setting:`GEOIP_CITY` settings attribute.
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=================== =======================================================
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``GeoIP`` Methods
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=================
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Querying
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--------
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All the following querying routines may take either a string IP address
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or a fully qualified domain name (FQDN). For example, both
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``'205.186.163.125'`` and ``'djangoproject.com'`` would be valid query
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parameters.
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.. method:: GeoIP.city(query)
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Returns a dictionary of city information for the given query. Some
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of the values in the dictionary may be undefined (``None``).
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.. method:: GeoIP.country(query)
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Returns a dictionary with the country code and country for the given
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query.
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.. method:: GeoIP.country_code(query)
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Returns only the country code corresponding to the query.
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.. method:: GeoIP.country_name(query)
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Returns only the country name corresponding to the query.
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Coordinate Retrieval
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--------------------
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.. method:: GeoIP.coords(query)
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Returns a coordinate tuple of (longitude, latitude).
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.. method:: GeoIP.lon_lat(query)
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Returns a coordinate tuple of (longitude, latitude).
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.. method:: GeoIP.lat_lon(query)
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Returns a coordinate tuple of (latitude, longitude),
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.. method:: GeoIP.geos(query)
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Returns a :class:`django.contrib.gis.geos.Point` object corresponding to the query.
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Database Information
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--------------------
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.. attribute:: GeoIP.country_info
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This property returns information about the GeoIP country database.
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.. attribute:: GeoIP.city_info
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This property returns information about the GeoIP city database.
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.. attribute:: GeoIP.info
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This property returns information about all GeoIP databases (both city
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and country), and the version of the GeoIP C library (if supported).
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GeoIP-Python API compatibility methods
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----------------------------------------
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These methods exist to ease compatibility with any code using MaxMind's
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existing Python API.
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.. classmethod:: GeoIP.open(path, cache)
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This classmethod instantiates the GeoIP object from the given database path
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and given cache setting.
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.. method:: GeoIP.region_by_addr(query)
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.. method:: GeoIP.region_by_name(query)
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.. method:: GeoIP.record_by_addr(query)
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.. method:: GeoIP.record_by_name(query)
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.. method:: GeoIP.country_code_by_addr(query)
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.. method:: GeoIP.country_code_by_name(query)
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.. method:: GeoIP.country_name_by_addr(query)
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.. method:: GeoIP.country_name_by_name(query)
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.. rubric:: Footnotes
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.. [#] GeoIP(R) is a registered trademark of MaxMind, LLC of Boston, Massachusetts.
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