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310 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
==================
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Submitting patches
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==================
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We're always grateful for patches to Django's code. Indeed, bug reports
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with associated patches will get fixed *far* more quickly than those
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without patches.
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Typo fixes and trivial documentation changes
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============================================
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If you are fixing a really trivial issue, for example changing a word in the
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documentation, the preferred way to provide the patch is using GitHub pull
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requests without a Trac ticket.
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See the :doc:`working-with-git` for more details on how to use pull requests.
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"Claiming" tickets
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==================
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In an open-source project with hundreds of contributors around the world, it's
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important to manage communication efficiently so that work doesn't get
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duplicated and contributors can be as effective as possible.
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Hence, our policy is for contributors to "claim" tickets in order to let other
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developers know that a particular bug or feature is being worked on.
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If you have identified a contribution you want to make and you're capable of
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fixing it (as measured by your coding ability, knowledge of Django internals
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and time availability), claim it by following these steps:
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* `Login using your GitHub account`_ or `create an account`_ in our ticket
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system. If you have an account but have forgotten your password, you can
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reset it using the `password reset page`_.
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* If a ticket for this issue doesn't exist yet, create one in our
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`ticket tracker`_.
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* If a ticket for this issue already exists, make sure nobody else has
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claimed it. To do this, look at the "Owned by" section of the ticket.
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If it's assigned to "nobody," then it's available to be claimed.
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Otherwise, somebody else may be working on this ticket. Either find another
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bug/feature to work on, or contact the developer working on the ticket to
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offer your help. If a ticket has been assigned for weeks or months without
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any activity, it's probably safe to reassign it to yourself.
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* Log into your account, if you haven't already, by clicking "GitHub Login"
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or "DjangoProject Login" in the upper left of the ticket page.
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* Claim the ticket by clicking the "assign to myself" radio button under
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"Action" near the bottom of the page, then click "Submit changes."
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.. note::
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The Django software foundation requests that anyone contributing more than
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a trivial patch to Django sign and submit a `Contributor License
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Agreement`_, this ensures that the Django Software Foundation has clear
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license to all contributions allowing for a clear license for all users.
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.. _Login using your GitHub account: https://code.djangoproject.com/github/login
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.. _Create an account: https://www.djangoproject.com/accounts/register/
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.. _password reset page: https://www.djangoproject.com/accounts/password/reset/
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.. _Contributor License Agreement: https://www.djangoproject.com/foundation/cla/
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Ticket claimers' responsibility
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-------------------------------
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Once you've claimed a ticket, you have a responsibility to work on that ticket
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in a reasonably timely fashion. If you don't have time to work on it, either
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unclaim it or don't claim it in the first place!
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If there's no sign of progress on a particular claimed ticket for a week or
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two, another developer may ask you to relinquish the ticket claim so that it's
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no longer monopolized and somebody else can claim it.
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If you've claimed a ticket and it's taking a long time (days or weeks) to code,
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keep everybody updated by posting comments on the ticket. If you don't provide
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regular updates, and you don't respond to a request for a progress report,
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your claim on the ticket may be revoked.
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As always, more communication is better than less communication!
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Which tickets should be claimed?
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--------------------------------
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Of course, going through the steps of claiming tickets is overkill in some
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cases.
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In the case of small changes, such as typos in the documentation or
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small bugs that will only take a few minutes to fix, you don't need to jump
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through the hoops of claiming tickets. Just submit your patch and be done with
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it.
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Of course, it is *always* acceptable, regardless whether someone has claimed it
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or not, to submit patches to a ticket if you happen to have a patch ready.
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.. _patch-style:
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Patch style
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===========
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Make sure that any contribution you do fulfills at least the following
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requirements:
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* The code required to fix a problem or add a feature is an essential part
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of a patch, but it is not the only part. A good patch should also include a
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:doc:`regression test <unit-tests>` to validate the behavior that has been
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fixed and to prevent the problem from arising again. Also, if some tickets
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are relevant to the code that you've written, mention the ticket numbers in
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some comments in the test so that one can easily trace back the relevant
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discussions after your patch gets committed, and the tickets get closed.
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* If the code associated with a patch adds a new feature, or modifies
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behavior of an existing feature, the patch should also contain
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documentation.
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When you think your work is ready to be reviewed, send :doc:`a GitHub pull
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request <working-with-git>`. Please review the patch yourself using our
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:ref:`patch review checklist <patch-review-checklist>` first.
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If you can't send a pull request for some reason, you can also use patches in
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Trac. When using this style, follow these guidelines.
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* Submit patches in the format returned by the ``git diff`` command.
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* Attach patches to a ticket in the `ticket tracker`_, using the "attach
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file" button. Please *don't* put the patch in the ticket description
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or comment unless it's a single line patch.
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* Name the patch file with a ``.diff`` extension; this will let the ticket
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tracker apply correct syntax highlighting, which is quite helpful.
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Regardless of the way you submit your work, follow these steps.
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* Make sure your code fulfills the requirements in our :ref:`patch review
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checklist <patch-review-checklist>`.
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* Check the "Has patch" box on the ticket and make sure the "Needs
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documentation", "Needs tests", and "Patch needs improvement" boxes aren't
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checked. This makes the ticket appear in the "Patches needing review" queue
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on the `Development dashboard`_.
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.. _ticket tracker: https://code.djangoproject.com/
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.. _Development dashboard: https://dashboard.djangoproject.com/
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Non-trivial patches
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===================
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A "non-trivial" patch is one that is more than a simple bug fix. It's a patch
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that introduces Django functionality and makes some sort of design decision.
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If you provide a non-trivial patch, include evidence that alternatives have
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been discussed on |django-developers|.
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If you're not sure whether your patch should be considered non-trivial, just
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ask.
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.. _deprecating-a-feature:
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Deprecating a feature
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=====================
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There are a couple reasons that code in Django might be deprecated:
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* If a feature has been improved or modified in a backwards-incompatible way,
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the old feature or behavior will be deprecated.
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* Sometimes Django will include a backport of a Python library that's not
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included in a version of Python that Django currently supports. When Django
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no longer needs to support the older version of Python that doesn't include
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the library, the library will be deprecated in Django.
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As the :ref:`deprecation policy<internal-release-deprecation-policy>` describes,
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the first release of Django that deprecates a feature (``A.B``) should raise a
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``RemovedInDjangoXXWarning`` (where XX is the Django version where the feature
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will be removed) when the deprecated feature is invoked. Assuming we have good
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test coverage, these warnings are converted to errors when :ref:`running the
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test suite <running-unit-tests>` with warnings enabled:
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``python -Wa runtests.py``. Thus, when adding a ``RemovedInDjangoXXWarning``
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you need to eliminate or silence any warnings generated when running the tests.
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The first step is to remove any use of the deprecated behavior by Django itself.
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Next you can silence warnings in tests that actually test the deprecated
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behavior by using the ``ignore_warnings`` decorator, either at the test or class
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level:
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#) In a particular test::
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from django.test import ignore_warnings
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from django.utils.deprecation import RemovedInDjangoXXWarning
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@ignore_warnings(category=RemovedInDjangoXXWarning)
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def test_foo(self):
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...
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#) For an entire test case::
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from django.test import ignore_warnings
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from django.utils.deprecation import RemovedInDjangoXXWarning
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@ignore_warnings(category=RemovedInDjangoXXWarning)
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class MyDeprecatedTests(unittest.TestCase):
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...
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You can also add a test for the deprecation warning. You'll have to disable the
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"warning as error" behavior in your test by doing::
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import warnings
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def test_foo_deprecation_warning(self):
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with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as warns:
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warnings.simplefilter('always') # prevent warnings from appearing as errors
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# invoke deprecated behavior
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self.assertEqual(len(warns), 1)
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msg = str(warns[0].message)
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self.assertEqual(msg, 'Expected deprecation message')
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Finally, there are a couple of updates to Django's documentation to make:
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#) If the existing feature is documented, mark it deprecated in documentation
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using the ``.. deprecated:: A.B`` annotation. Include a short description
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and a note about the upgrade path if applicable.
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#) Add a description of the deprecated behavior, and the upgrade path if
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applicable, to the current release notes (``docs/releases/A.B.txt``) under
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the "Features deprecated in A.B" heading.
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#) Add an entry in the deprecation timeline (``docs/internals/deprecation.txt``)
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under the appropriate version describing what code will be removed.
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Once you have completed these steps, you are finished with the deprecation.
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In each :term:`feature release`, all ``RemovedInDjangoXXWarning``\s matching
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the new version are removed.
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JavaScript patches
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==================
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For information on JavaScript patches, see the :ref:`javascript-patches`
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documentation.
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.. _patch-review-checklist:
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Patch review checklist
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======================
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Use this checklist to review a pull request. If you are reviewing a pull
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request that is not your own and it passes all the criteria below, please set
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the "Triage Stage" on the corresponding Trac ticket to "Ready for checkin".
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If you've left comments for improvement on the pull request, please tick the
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appropriate flags on the Trac ticket based on the results of your review:
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"Patch needs improvement", "Needs documentation", and/or "Needs tests". As time
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and interest permits, committers do final reviews of "Ready for checkin"
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tickets and will either commit the patch or bump it back to "Accepted" if
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further works need to be done. If you're looking to become a committer,
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doing thorough reviews of patches is a great way to earn trust.
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Looking for a patch to review? Check out the "Patches needing review" section
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of the `Django Development Dashboard <https://dashboard.djangoproject.com/>`_.
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Looking to get your patch reviewed? Ensure the Trac flags on the ticket are
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set so that the ticket appears in that queue.
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Documentation
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-------------
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* Does the documentation build without any errors (``make html``, or
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``make.bat html`` on Windows, from the ``docs`` directory)?
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* Does the documentation follow the writing style guidelines in
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:doc:`/internals/contributing/writing-documentation`?
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* Are there any :ref:`spelling errors <documentation-spelling-check>`?
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Bugs
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----
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* Is there a proper regression test (the test should fail before the fix
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is applied)?
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New Features
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------------
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* Are there tests to "exercise" all of the new code?
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* Is there a release note in ``docs/releases/A.B.txt``?
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* Is there documentation for the feature and is it :ref:`annotated
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appropriately <documenting-new-features>` with
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``.. versionadded:: A.B`` or ``.. versionchanged:: A.B``?
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Deprecating a feature
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---------------------
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See the :ref:`deprecating-a-feature` guide.
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All code changes
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----------------
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* Does the :doc:`coding style
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</internals/contributing/writing-code/coding-style>` conform to our
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guidelines? Are there any ``flake8`` errors?
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* If the change is backwards incompatible in any way, is there a note
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in the release notes (``docs/releases/A.B.txt``)?
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* Is Django's test suite passing?
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All tickets
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-----------
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* Is the pull request a single squashed commit with a message that follows our
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:ref:`commit message format <committing-guidelines>`?
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* Are you the patch author and a new contributor? Please add yourself to the
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``AUTHORS`` file and submit a `Contributor License Agreement`_.
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.. _Contributor License Agreement: https://www.djangoproject.com/foundation/cla/
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