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249 lines
8.1 KiB
Plaintext
249 lines
8.1 KiB
Plaintext
===========================================
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PostgreSQL specific form fields and widgets
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===========================================
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All of these fields and widgets are available from the
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``django.contrib.postgres.forms`` module.
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.. currentmodule:: django.contrib.postgres.forms
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Fields
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======
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``SimpleArrayField``
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--------------------
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.. class:: SimpleArrayField(base_field, delimiter=',', max_length=None, min_length=None)
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A simple field which maps to an array. It is represented by an HTML
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``<input>``.
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.. attribute:: base_field
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This is a required argument.
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It specifies the underlying form field for the array. This is not used
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to render any HTML, but it is used to process the submitted data and
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validate it. For example::
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>>> from django.contrib.postgres.forms import SimpleArrayField
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>>> from django import forms
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>>> class NumberListForm(forms.Form):
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... numbers = SimpleArrayField(forms.IntegerField())
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>>> form = NumberListForm({'numbers': '1,2,3'})
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>>> form.is_valid()
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True
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>>> form.cleaned_data
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{'numbers': [1, 2, 3]}
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>>> form = NumberListForm({'numbers': '1,2,a'})
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>>> form.is_valid()
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False
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.. attribute:: delimiter
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This is an optional argument which defaults to a comma: ``,``. This
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value is used to split the submitted data. It allows you to chain
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``SimpleArrayField`` for multidimensional data::
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>>> from django.contrib.postgres.forms import SimpleArrayField
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>>> from django import forms
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>>> class GridForm(forms.Form):
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... places = SimpleArrayField(SimpleArrayField(IntegerField()), delimiter='|')
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>>> form = GridForm({'places': '1,2|2,1|4,3'})
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>>> form.is_valid()
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True
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>>> form.cleaned_data
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{'places': [[1, 2], [2, 1], [4, 3]]}
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.. note::
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The field does not support escaping of the delimiter, so be careful
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in cases where the delimiter is a valid character in the underlying
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field. The delimiter does not need to be only one character.
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.. attribute:: max_length
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This is an optional argument which validates that the array does not
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exceed the stated length.
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.. attribute:: min_length
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This is an optional argument which validates that the array reaches at
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least the stated length.
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.. admonition:: User friendly forms
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``SimpleArrayField`` is not particularly user friendly in most cases,
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however it is a useful way to format data from a client-side widget for
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submission to the server.
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``SplitArrayField``
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-------------------
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.. class:: SplitArrayField(base_field, size, remove_trailing_nulls=False)
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This field handles arrays by reproducing the underlying field a fixed
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number of times.
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.. attribute:: base_field
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This is a required argument. It specifies the form field to be
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repeated.
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.. attribute:: size
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This is the fixed number of times the underlying field will be used.
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.. attribute:: remove_trailing_nulls
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By default, this is set to ``False``. When ``False``, each value from
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the repeated fields is stored. When set to ``True``, any trailing
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values which are blank will be stripped from the result. If the
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underlying field has ``required=True``, but ``remove_trailing_nulls``
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is ``True``, then null values are only allowed at the end, and will be
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stripped.
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Some examples::
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SplitArrayField(IntegerField(required=True), size=3, remove_trailing_nulls=False)
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['1', '2', '3'] # -> [1, 2, 3]
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['1', '2', ''] # -> ValidationError - third entry required.
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['1', '', '3'] # -> ValidationError - second entry required.
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['', '2', ''] # -> ValidationError - first and third entries required.
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SplitArrayField(IntegerField(required=False), size=3, remove_trailing_nulls=False)
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['1', '2', '3'] # -> [1, 2, 3]
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['1', '2', ''] # -> [1, 2, None]
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['1', '', '3'] # -> [1, None, 3]
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['', '2', ''] # -> [None, 2, None]
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SplitArrayField(IntegerField(required=True), size=3, remove_trailing_nulls=True)
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['1', '2', '3'] # -> [1, 2, 3]
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['1', '2', ''] # -> [1, 2]
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['1', '', '3'] # -> ValidationError - second entry required.
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['', '2', ''] # -> ValidationError - first entry required.
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SplitArrayField(IntegerField(required=False), size=3, remove_trailing_nulls=True)
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['1', '2', '3'] # -> [1, 2, 3]
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['1', '2', ''] # -> [1, 2]
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['1', '', '3'] # -> [1, None, 3]
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['', '2', ''] # -> [None, 2]
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``HStoreField``
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---------------
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.. class:: HStoreField
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A field which accepts JSON encoded data for an
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.fields.HStoreField`. It casts all values
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(except nulls) to strings. It is represented by an HTML ``<textarea>``.
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.. admonition:: User friendly forms
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``HStoreField`` is not particularly user friendly in most cases,
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however it is a useful way to format data from a client-side widget for
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submission to the server.
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.. note::
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On occasions it may be useful to require or restrict the keys which are
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valid for a given field. This can be done using the
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.validators.KeysValidator`.
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.. versionchanged:: 1.11
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Added the ability to store nulls.
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``JSONField``
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-------------
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.. class:: JSONField
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A field which accepts JSON encoded data for a
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.fields.JSONField`. It is represented by an
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HTML ``<textarea>``.
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.. admonition:: User friendly forms
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``JSONField`` is not particularly user friendly in most cases, however
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it is a useful way to format data from a client-side widget for
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submission to the server.
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Range Fields
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------------
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This group of fields all share similar functionality for accepting range data.
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They are based on :class:`~django.forms.MultiValueField`. They treat one
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omitted value as an unbounded range. They also validate that the lower bound is
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not greater than the upper bound. All of these fields use
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.forms.RangeWidget`.
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``IntegerRangeField``
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.. class:: IntegerRangeField
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Based on :class:`~django.forms.IntegerField` and translates its input into
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:class:`~psycopg2:psycopg2.extras.NumericRange`. Default for
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.fields.IntegerRangeField` and
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.fields.BigIntegerRangeField`.
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``FloatRangeField``
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.. class:: FloatRangeField
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Based on :class:`~django.forms.FloatField` and translates its input into
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:class:`~psycopg2:psycopg2.extras.NumericRange`. Default for
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.fields.FloatRangeField`.
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``DateTimeRangeField``
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.. class:: DateTimeRangeField
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Based on :class:`~django.forms.DateTimeField` and translates its input into
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:class:`~psycopg2:psycopg2.extras.DateTimeTZRange`. Default for
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.fields.DateTimeRangeField`.
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``DateRangeField``
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.. class:: DateRangeField
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Based on :class:`~django.forms.DateField` and translates its input into
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:class:`~psycopg2:psycopg2.extras.DateRange`. Default for
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.fields.DateRangeField`.
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Widgets
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=======
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``RangeWidget``
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---------------
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.. class:: RangeWidget(base_widget, attrs=None)
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Widget used by all of the range fields.
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Based on :class:`~django.forms.MultiWidget`.
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:class:`~RangeWidget` has one required argument:
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.. attribute:: base_widget
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A :class:`~RangeWidget` comprises a 2-tuple of ``base_widget``.
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.. method:: decompress(value)
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Takes a single "compressed" value of a field, for example a
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.fields.DateRangeField`,
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and returns a tuple representing and lower and upper bound.
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