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114 lines
4.0 KiB
Plaintext
114 lines
4.0 KiB
Plaintext
===========================
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PostgreSQL specific lookups
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===========================
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Trigram similarity
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==================
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.. fieldlookup:: trigram_similar
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``trigram_similar``
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-------------------
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The ``trigram_similar`` lookup allows you to perform trigram lookups,
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measuring the number of trigrams (three consecutive characters) shared, using a
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dedicated PostgreSQL extension. A trigram lookup is given an expression and
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returns results that have a similarity measurement greater than the current
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similarity threshold.
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To use it, add ``'django.contrib.postgres'`` in your :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS`
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and activate the `pg_trgm extension`_ on PostgreSQL. You can install the
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extension using the
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.operations.TrigramExtension` migration
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operation.
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The ``trigram_similar`` lookup can be used on
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:class:`~django.db.models.CharField` and :class:`~django.db.models.TextField`:
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.. code-block:: pycon
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>>> City.objects.filter(name__trigram_similar="Middlesborough")
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['<City: Middlesbrough>']
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.. fieldlookup:: trigram_word_similar
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``trigram_word_similar``
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------------------------
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The ``trigram_word_similar`` lookup allows you to perform trigram word
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similarity lookups using a dedicated PostgreSQL extension. It can be
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approximately understood as measuring the greatest number of trigrams shared
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between the parameter and any substring of the field. A trigram word lookup is
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given an expression and returns results that have a word similarity measurement
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greater than the current similarity threshold.
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To use it, add ``'django.contrib.postgres'`` in your :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS`
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and activate the `pg_trgm extension`_ on PostgreSQL. You can install the
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extension using the
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.operations.TrigramExtension` migration
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operation.
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The ``trigram_word_similar`` lookup can be used on
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:class:`~django.db.models.CharField` and :class:`~django.db.models.TextField`:
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.. code-block:: pycon
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>>> Sentence.objects.filter(name__trigram_word_similar="Middlesborough")
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['<Sentence: Gumby rides on the path of Middlesbrough>']
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.. fieldlookup:: trigram_strict_word_similar
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``trigram_strict_word_similar``
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-------------------------------
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.. versionadded:: 4.2
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Similar to :lookup:`trigram_word_similar`, except that it forces extent
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boundaries to match word boundaries.
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To use it, add ``'django.contrib.postgres'`` in your :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS`
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and activate the `pg_trgm extension`_ on PostgreSQL. You can install the
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extension using the
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.operations.TrigramExtension` migration
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operation.
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The ``trigram_strict_word_similar`` lookup can be used on
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:class:`~django.db.models.CharField` and :class:`~django.db.models.TextField`.
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.. _`pg_trgm extension`: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgtrgm.html
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``Unaccent``
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============
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.. fieldlookup:: unaccent
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The ``unaccent`` lookup allows you to perform accent-insensitive lookups using
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a dedicated PostgreSQL extension.
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This lookup is implemented using :class:`~django.db.models.Transform`, so it
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can be chained with other lookup functions. To use it, you need to add
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``'django.contrib.postgres'`` in your :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` and activate
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the `unaccent extension on PostgreSQL`_. The
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:class:`~django.contrib.postgres.operations.UnaccentExtension` migration
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operation is available if you want to perform this activation using migrations).
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.. _unaccent extension on PostgreSQL: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/unaccent.html
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The ``unaccent`` lookup can be used on
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:class:`~django.db.models.CharField` and :class:`~django.db.models.TextField`:
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.. code-block:: pycon
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>>> City.objects.filter(name__unaccent="México")
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['<City: Mexico>']
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>>> User.objects.filter(first_name__unaccent__startswith="Jerem")
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['<User: Jeremy>', '<User: Jérémy>', '<User: Jérémie>', '<User: Jeremie>']
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.. warning::
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``unaccent`` lookups should perform fine in most use cases. However, queries
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using this filter will generally perform full table scans, which can be slow
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on large tables. In those cases, using dedicated full text indexing tools
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might be appropriate.
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