mirror of
https://github.com/django/django.git
synced 2024-12-22 17:16:24 +00:00
197 lines
7.1 KiB
Plaintext
197 lines
7.1 KiB
Plaintext
=============================================
|
|
``django.urls`` functions for use in URLconfs
|
|
=============================================
|
|
|
|
.. module:: django.urls.conf
|
|
:synopsis: Functions for use in URLconfs.
|
|
|
|
.. currentmodule:: django.urls
|
|
|
|
``path()``
|
|
==========
|
|
|
|
.. function:: path(route, view, kwargs=None, name=None)
|
|
|
|
Returns an element for inclusion in ``urlpatterns``. For example::
|
|
|
|
from django.urls import include, path
|
|
|
|
urlpatterns = [
|
|
path("index/", views.index, name="main-view"),
|
|
path("bio/<username>/", views.bio, name="bio"),
|
|
path("articles/<slug:title>/", views.article, name="article-detail"),
|
|
path("articles/<slug:title>/<int:section>/", views.section, name="article-section"),
|
|
path("blog/", include("blog.urls")),
|
|
...,
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
The ``route`` argument should be a string or
|
|
:func:`~django.utils.translation.gettext_lazy()` (see
|
|
:ref:`translating-urlpatterns`) that contains a URL pattern. The string
|
|
may contain angle brackets (like ``<username>`` above) to capture part of the
|
|
URL and send it as a keyword argument to the view. The angle brackets may
|
|
include a converter specification (like the ``int`` part of ``<int:section>``)
|
|
which limits the characters matched and may also change the type of the
|
|
variable passed to the view. For example, ``<int:section>`` matches a string
|
|
of decimal digits and converts the value to an ``int``. See
|
|
:ref:`how-django-processes-a-request` for more details.
|
|
|
|
The ``view`` argument is a view function or the result of
|
|
:meth:`~django.views.generic.base.View.as_view` for class-based views. It can
|
|
also be an :func:`django.urls.include`.
|
|
|
|
The ``kwargs`` argument allows you to pass additional arguments to the view
|
|
function or method. See :ref:`views-extra-options` for an example.
|
|
|
|
See :ref:`Naming URL patterns <naming-url-patterns>` for why the ``name``
|
|
argument is useful.
|
|
|
|
``re_path()``
|
|
=============
|
|
|
|
.. function:: re_path(route, view, kwargs=None, name=None)
|
|
|
|
Returns an element for inclusion in ``urlpatterns``. For example::
|
|
|
|
from django.urls import include, re_path
|
|
|
|
urlpatterns = [
|
|
re_path(r"^index/$", views.index, name="index"),
|
|
re_path(r"^bio/(?P<username>\w+)/$", views.bio, name="bio"),
|
|
re_path(r"^blog/", include("blog.urls")),
|
|
...,
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
The ``route`` argument should be a string or
|
|
:func:`~django.utils.translation.gettext_lazy()` (see
|
|
:ref:`translating-urlpatterns`) that contains a regular expression compatible
|
|
with Python's :py:mod:`re` module. Strings typically use raw string syntax
|
|
(``r''``) so that they can contain sequences like ``\d`` without the need to
|
|
escape the backslash with another backslash. When a match is made, captured
|
|
groups from the regular expression are passed to the view -- as named arguments
|
|
if the groups are named, and as positional arguments otherwise. The values are
|
|
passed as strings, without any type conversion.
|
|
|
|
When a ``route`` ends with ``$`` the whole requested URL, matching against
|
|
:attr:`~django.http.HttpRequest.path_info`, must match the regular expression
|
|
pattern (:py:func:`re.fullmatch` is used).
|
|
|
|
The ``view``, ``kwargs`` and ``name`` arguments are the same as for
|
|
:func:`~django.urls.path()`.
|
|
|
|
``include()``
|
|
=============
|
|
|
|
.. function:: include(module, namespace=None)
|
|
include(pattern_list)
|
|
include((pattern_list, app_namespace), namespace=None)
|
|
|
|
A function that takes a full Python import path to another URLconf module
|
|
that should be "included" in this place. Optionally, the :term:`application
|
|
namespace` and :term:`instance namespace` where the entries will be included
|
|
into can also be specified.
|
|
|
|
Usually, the application namespace should be specified by the included
|
|
module. If an application namespace is set, the ``namespace`` argument
|
|
can be used to set a different instance namespace.
|
|
|
|
``include()`` also accepts as an argument either an iterable that returns
|
|
URL patterns or a 2-tuple containing such iterable plus the names of the
|
|
application namespaces.
|
|
|
|
:arg module: URLconf module (or module name)
|
|
:arg namespace: Instance namespace for the URL entries being included
|
|
:type namespace: str
|
|
:arg pattern_list: Iterable of :func:`~django.urls.path` and/or :func:`~django.urls.re_path` instances.
|
|
:arg app_namespace: Application namespace for the URL entries being included
|
|
:type app_namespace: str
|
|
|
|
See :ref:`including-other-urlconfs` and :ref:`namespaces-and-include`.
|
|
|
|
``register_converter()``
|
|
========================
|
|
|
|
.. function:: register_converter(converter, type_name)
|
|
|
|
The function for registering a converter for use in :func:`~django.urls.path()`
|
|
``route``\s.
|
|
|
|
The ``converter`` argument is a converter class, and ``type_name`` is the
|
|
converter name to use in path patterns. See
|
|
:ref:`registering-custom-path-converters` for an example.
|
|
|
|
.. deprecated:: 5.1
|
|
|
|
Overriding existing converters is deprecated.
|
|
|
|
==================================================
|
|
``django.conf.urls`` functions for use in URLconfs
|
|
==================================================
|
|
|
|
.. module:: django.conf.urls
|
|
|
|
``static()``
|
|
============
|
|
|
|
.. function:: static.static(prefix, view=django.views.static.serve, **kwargs)
|
|
|
|
Helper function to return a URL pattern for serving files in debug mode::
|
|
|
|
from django.conf import settings
|
|
from django.conf.urls.static import static
|
|
|
|
urlpatterns = [
|
|
# ... the rest of your URLconf goes here ...
|
|
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
|
|
|
|
``handler400``
|
|
==============
|
|
|
|
.. data:: handler400
|
|
|
|
A callable, or a string representing the full Python import path to the view
|
|
that should be called if the HTTP client has sent a request that caused an error
|
|
condition and a response with a status code of 400.
|
|
|
|
By default, this is :func:`django.views.defaults.bad_request`. If you
|
|
implement a custom view, be sure it accepts ``request`` and ``exception``
|
|
arguments and returns an :class:`~django.http.HttpResponseBadRequest`.
|
|
|
|
``handler403``
|
|
==============
|
|
|
|
.. data:: handler403
|
|
|
|
A callable, or a string representing the full Python import path to the view
|
|
that should be called if the user doesn't have the permissions required to
|
|
access a resource.
|
|
|
|
By default, this is :func:`django.views.defaults.permission_denied`. If you
|
|
implement a custom view, be sure it accepts ``request`` and ``exception``
|
|
arguments and returns an :class:`~django.http.HttpResponseForbidden`.
|
|
|
|
``handler404``
|
|
==============
|
|
|
|
.. data:: handler404
|
|
|
|
A callable, or a string representing the full Python import path to the view
|
|
that should be called if none of the URL patterns match.
|
|
|
|
By default, this is :func:`django.views.defaults.page_not_found`. If you
|
|
implement a custom view, be sure it accepts ``request`` and ``exception``
|
|
arguments and returns an :class:`~django.http.HttpResponseNotFound`.
|
|
|
|
``handler500``
|
|
==============
|
|
|
|
.. data:: handler500
|
|
|
|
A callable, or a string representing the full Python import path to the view
|
|
that should be called in case of server errors. Server errors happen when you
|
|
have runtime errors in view code.
|
|
|
|
By default, this is :func:`django.views.defaults.server_error`. If you
|
|
implement a custom view, be sure it accepts a ``request`` argument and returns
|
|
an :class:`~django.http.HttpResponseServerError`.
|