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245 lines
10 KiB
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========================
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Django 1.0 release notes
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========================
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Welcome to Django 1.0!
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We've been looking forward to this moment for over three years, and it's finally
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here. Django 1.0 represents the largest milestone in Django's development to
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date: a web framework that a group of perfectionists can truly be proud of.
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Django 1.0 represents over three years of community development as an Open
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Source project. Django's received contributions from hundreds of developers,
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been translated into fifty languages, and today is used by developers on every
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continent and in every kind of job.
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An interesting historical note: when Django was first released in July 2005, the
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initial released version of Django came from an internal repository at revision
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number 8825. Django 1.0 represents revision 8961 of our public repository. It
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seems fitting that our 1.0 release comes at the moment where community
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contributions overtake those made privately.
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Stability and forwards-compatibility
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====================================
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The release of Django 1.0 comes with a promise of API
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stability and forwards-compatibility. In a nutshell, this means that code you
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develop against Django 1.0 will continue to work against 1.1 unchanged, and you
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should need to make only minor changes for any 1.X release.
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See the :doc:`API stability guide </misc/api-stability>` for full details.
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Backwards-incompatible changes
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==============================
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Django 1.0 has a number of backwards-incompatible changes from Django 0.96. If
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you have apps written against Django 0.96 that you need to port, see our
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detailed porting guide:
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.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 1
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1.0-porting-guide
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A complete list of backwards-incompatible changes can be found at
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https://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/BackwardsIncompatibleChanges.
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What's new in Django 1.0
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========================
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A *lot*!
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Since Django 0.96, we've made over 4,000 code commits, fixed more than 2,000
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bugs, and edited, added, or removed around 350,000 lines of code. We've also
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added 40,000 lines of new documentation, and greatly improved what was already
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there.
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In fact, new documentation is one of our favorite features of Django 1.0, so we
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might as well start there. First, there's a new documentation site:
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* https://docs.djangoproject.com/
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The documentation has been greatly improved, cleaned up, and generally made
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awesome. There's now dedicated search, indexes, and more.
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We can't possibly document everything that's new in 1.0, but the documentation
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will be your definitive guide. Anywhere you see something like:
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.. versionadded:: 1.0
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This feature is new in Django 1.0
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You'll know that you're looking at something new or changed.
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The other major highlights of Django 1.0 are:
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Refactored admin application
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----------------------------
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The Django administrative interface (``django.contrib.admin``) has been
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completely refactored; admin definitions are now completely decoupled from model
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definitions (no more ``class Admin`` declaration in models!), rewritten to use
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Django's new form-handling library (introduced in the 0.96 release as
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``django.newforms``, and now available as simply ``django.forms``) and
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redesigned with extensibility and customization in mind. Full documentation for
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the admin application is available online in the official Django documentation:
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See the :doc:`admin reference </ref/contrib/admin/index>` for details
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Improved Unicode handling
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-------------------------
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Django's internals have been refactored to use Unicode throughout; this
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drastically simplifies the task of dealing with non-Western-European content and
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data in Django. Additionally, utility functions have been provided to ease
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interoperability with third-party libraries and systems which may or may not
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handle Unicode gracefully. Details are available in Django's Unicode-handling
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documentation.
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See :doc:`/ref/unicode`.
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An improved ORM
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---------------
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Django's object-relational mapper -- the component which provides the mapping
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between Django model classes and your database, and which mediates your database
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queries -- has been dramatically improved by a massive refactoring. For most
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users of Django this is backwards-compatible; the public-facing API for database
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querying underwent a few minor changes, but most of the updates took place in
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the ORM's internals. A guide to the changes, including backwards-incompatible
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modifications and mentions of new features opened up by this refactoring, is
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`available on the Django wiki`__.
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__ https://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/QuerysetRefactorBranch
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Automatic escaping of template variables
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----------------------------------------
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To provide improved security against cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities,
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Django's template system now automatically escapes the output of variables. This
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behavior is configurable, and allows both variables and larger template
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constructs to be marked as safe (requiring no escaping) or unsafe (requiring
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escaping). A full guide to this feature is in the documentation for the
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:ttag:`autoescape` tag.
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``django.contrib.gis`` (GeoDjango)
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----------------------------------
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A project over a year in the making, this adds world-class GIS (`Geographic
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Information Systems`_) support to Django, in the form of a ``contrib``
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application. Its documentation is currently being maintained externally, and
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will be merged into the main Django documentation shortly. Huge thanks go to
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Justin Bronn, Jeremy Dunck, Brett Hoerner and Travis Pinney for their efforts in
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creating and completing this feature.
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See :doc:`GeoDjango </ref/contrib/gis/index>` for details.
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.. _Geographic Information Systems: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_information_system
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Pluggable file storage
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----------------------
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Django's built-in ``FileField`` and ``ImageField`` now can take advantage of
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pluggable file-storage backends, allowing extensive customization of where and
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how uploaded files get stored by Django. For details, see :doc:`the files
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documentation </topics/files>`; big thanks go to Marty Alchin for putting in the
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hard work to get this completed.
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Jython compatibility
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--------------------
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Thanks to a lot of work from Leo Soto during a Google Summer of Code project,
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Django's codebase has been refactored to remove incompatibilities with
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`Jython`_, an implementation of Python written in Java, which runs Python code
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on the Java Virtual Machine. Django is now compatible with the forthcoming
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Jython 2.5 release.
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.. _Jython: https://www.jython.org/
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Generic relations in forms and admin
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------------------------------------
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Classes are now included in ``django.contrib.contenttypes`` which can be used to
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support generic relations in both the admin interface and in end-user forms. See
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:ref:`the documentation for generic relations <generic-relations>` for details.
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``INSERT``/``UPDATE`` distinction
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---------------------------------
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Although Django's default behavior of having a model's ``save()`` method
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automatically determine whether to perform an ``INSERT`` or an ``UPDATE`` at the
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SQL level is suitable for the majority of cases, there are occasional situations
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where forcing one or the other is useful. As a result, models can now support an
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additional parameter to ``save()`` which can force a specific operation.
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See :ref:`ref-models-force-insert` for details.
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Split ``CacheMiddleware``
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-------------------------
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Django's ``CacheMiddleware`` has been split into three classes:
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``CacheMiddleware`` itself still exists and retains all of its previous
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functionality, but it is now built from two separate middleware classes which
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handle the two parts of caching (inserting into and reading from the cache)
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separately, offering additional flexibility for situations where combining these
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functions into a single middleware posed problems.
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Full details, including updated notes on appropriate use, are in :doc:`the
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caching documentation </topics/cache>`.
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Refactored ``django.contrib.comments``
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--------------------------------------
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As part of a Google Summer of Code project, Thejaswi Puthraya carried out a
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major rewrite and refactoring of Django's bundled comment system, greatly
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increasing its flexibility and customizability.
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Removal of deprecated features
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------------------------------
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A number of features and methods which had previously been marked as deprecated,
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and which were scheduled for removal prior to the 1.0 release, are no longer
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present in Django. These include imports of the form library from
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``django.newforms`` (now located simply at ``django.forms``), the
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``form_for_model`` and ``form_for_instance`` helper functions (which have been
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replaced by ``ModelForm``) and a number of deprecated features which were
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replaced by the dispatcher, file-uploading and file-storage refactoring
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introduced in the Django 1.0 alpha releases.
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Known issues
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============
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We've done our best to make Django 1.0 as solid as possible, but unfortunately
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there are a couple of issues that we know about in the release.
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Multi-table model inheritance with ``to_field``
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-----------------------------------------------
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If you're using :ref:`multiple table model inheritance
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<multi-table-inheritance>`, be aware of this caveat: child models using a custom
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``parent_link`` and ``to_field`` will cause database integrity errors. A set of
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models like the following are **not valid**::
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class Parent(models.Model):
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name = models.CharField(max_length=10)
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other_value = models.IntegerField(unique=True)
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class Child(Parent):
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father = models.OneToOneField(
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Parent, primary_key=True, to_field="other_value", parent_link=True
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)
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value = models.IntegerField()
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This bug will be fixed in the next release of Django.
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Caveats with support of certain databases
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-----------------------------------------
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Django attempts to support as many features as possible on all database
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backends. However, not all database backends are alike, and in particular many of the supported database differ greatly from version to version. It's a good idea to checkout our :doc:`notes on supported database </ref/databases>`:
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- :ref:`mysql-notes`
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- :ref:`sqlite-notes`
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- :ref:`oracle-notes`
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