.. _ref-gis-install: ====================== GeoDjango Installation ====================== .. highlight:: console Overview ======== In general, GeoDjango installation requires: 1. :ref:`Python and Django ` 2. :ref:`spatial_database` 3. :ref:`geospatial_libs` Details for each of the requirements and installation instructions are provided in the sections below. In addition, platform-specific instructions are available for: * :ref:`macosx` * :ref:`ubuntudebian` * :ref:`windows` .. admonition:: Use the Source Because GeoDjango takes advantage of the latest in the open source geospatial software technology, recent versions of the libraries are necessary. If binary packages aren't available for your platform, :ref:`installation from source ` may be required. When compiling the libraries from source, please follow the directions closely, especially if you're a beginner. Requirements ============ .. _django: Python and Django ----------------- Because GeoDjango is included with Django, please refer to Django's :doc:`installation instructions ` for details on how to install. .. _spatial_database: Spatial database ---------------- PostgreSQL (with PostGIS), MySQL, Oracle, and SQLite (with SpatiaLite) are the spatial databases currently supported. .. note:: PostGIS is recommended, because it is the most mature and feature-rich open source spatial database. The geospatial libraries required for a GeoDjango installation depends on the spatial database used. The following lists the library requirements, supported versions, and any notes for each of the supported database backends: ================== ============================== ================== ========================================================== Database Library Requirements Supported Versions Notes ================== ============================== ================== ========================================================== PostgreSQL GEOS, PROJ.4, PostGIS 8.1+ Requires PostGIS. MySQL GEOS 5.x Not OGC-compliant; limited functionality. Oracle GEOS 10.2, 11 XE not supported; not tested with 9. SQLite GEOS, GDAL, PROJ.4, SpatiaLite 3.6.+ Requires SpatiaLite 2.3+, pysqlite2 2.5+, and Django 1.1. ================== ============================== ================== ========================================================== .. _geospatial_libs: Geospatial libraries -------------------- GeoDjango uses and/or provides interfaces for the following open source geospatial libraries: ======================== ==================================== ================================ ========================== Program Description Required Supported Versions ======================== ==================================== ================================ ========================== :ref:`GEOS ` Geometry Engine Open Source Yes 3.3, 3.2, 3.1, 3.0 `PROJ.4`_ Cartographic Projections library Yes (PostgreSQL and SQLite only) 4.7, 4.6, 4.5, 4.4 :ref:`GDAL ` Geospatial Data Abstraction Library No (but, required for SQLite) 1.8, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4 :ref:`GeoIP ` IP-based geolocation library No 1.4 `PostGIS`__ Spatial extensions for PostgreSQL Yes (PostgreSQL only) 1.5, 1.4, 1.3 `SpatiaLite`__ Spatial extensions for SQLite Yes (SQLite only) 3.0, 2.4, 2.3 ======================== ==================================== ================================ ========================== .. admonition:: Install GDAL While :ref:`gdalbuild` is technically not required, it is *recommended*. Important features of GeoDjango (including the :ref:`ref-layermapping`, geometry reprojection, and the geographic admin) depend on its functionality. .. note:: The GeoDjango interfaces to GEOS, GDAL, and GeoIP may be used independently of Django. In other words, no database or settings file required -- just import them as normal from :mod:`django.contrib.gis`. .. _PROJ.4: http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ __ http://postgis.refractions.net/ __ http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/index.html .. _build_from_source: Building from source ==================== When installing from source on UNIX and GNU/Linux systems, please follow the installation instructions carefully, and install the libraries in the given order. If using MySQL or Oracle as the spatial database, only GEOS is required. .. note:: On Linux platforms, it may be necessary to run the ``ldconfig`` command after installing each library. For example:: $ sudo make install $ sudo ldconfig .. note:: OS X users are required to install `Apple Developer Tools`_ in order to compile software from source. This is typically included on your OS X installation DVDs. .. _Apple Developer Tools: http://developer.apple.com/tools/xcode/ .. _geosbuild: GEOS ---- GEOS is a C++ library for performing geometric operations, and is the default internal geometry representation used by GeoDjango (it's behind the "lazy" geometries). Specifically, the C API library is called (e.g., ``libgeos_c.so``) directly from Python using ctypes. First, download GEOS 3.2 from the refractions Web site and untar the source archive:: $ wget http://download.osgeo.org/geos/geos-3.3.0.tar.bz2 $ tar xjf geos-3.3.0.tar.bz2 Next, change into the directory where GEOS was unpacked, run the configure script, compile, and install:: $ cd geos-3.3.0 $ ./configure $ make $ sudo make install $ cd .. Troubleshooting ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Can't find GEOS library ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When GeoDjango can't find GEOS, this error is raised: .. code-block:: text ImportError: Could not find the GEOS library (tried "geos_c"). Try setting GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings. The most common solution is to properly configure your :ref:`libsettings` *or* set :ref:`geoslibrarypath` in your settings. If using a binary package of GEOS (e.g., on Ubuntu), you may need to :ref:`binutils`. .. _geoslibrarypath: ``GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH`` ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If your GEOS library is in a non-standard location, or you don't want to modify the system's library path then the :setting:`GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH` setting may be added to your Django settings file with the full path to the GEOS C library. For example: .. code-block:: python GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH = '/home/bob/local/lib/libgeos_c.so' .. note:: The setting must be the *full* path to the **C** shared library; in other words you want to use ``libgeos_c.so``, not ``libgeos.so``. .. _proj4: PROJ.4 ------ `PROJ.4`_ is a library for converting geospatial data to different coordinate reference systems. First, download the PROJ.4 source code and datum shifting files [#]_:: $ wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-4.7.0.tar.gz $ wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip Next, untar the source code archive, and extract the datum shifting files in the ``nad`` subdirectory. This must be done *prior* to configuration:: $ tar xzf proj-4.7.0.tar.gz $ cd proj-4.7.0/nad $ unzip ../../proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip $ cd .. Finally, configure, make and install PROJ.4:: $ ./configure $ make $ sudo make install $ cd .. .. _postgis: PostGIS ------- `PostGIS`__ adds geographic object support to PostgreSQL, turning it into a spatial database. :ref:`geosbuild` and :ref:`proj4` should be installed prior to building PostGIS. .. note:: The `psycopg2`_ module is required for use as the database adaptor when using GeoDjango with PostGIS. .. _psycopg2: http://initd.org/projects/psycopg2 First download the source archive, and extract:: $ wget http://postgis.refractions.net/download/postgis-1.5.2.tar.gz $ tar xzf postgis-1.5.2.tar.gz $ cd postgis-1.5.2 Next, configure, make and install PostGIS:: $ ./configure Finally, make and install:: $ make $ sudo make install $ cd .. .. note:: GeoDjango does not automatically create a spatial database. Please consult the section on :ref:`spatialdb_template` for more information. __ http://postgis.refractions.net/ .. _gdalbuild: GDAL ---- `GDAL`__ is an excellent open source geospatial library that has support for reading most vector and raster spatial data formats. Currently, GeoDjango only supports :ref:`GDAL's vector data ` capabilities [#]_. :ref:`geosbuild` and :ref:`proj4` should be installed prior to building GDAL. First download the latest GDAL release version and untar the archive:: $ wget http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/gdal-1.8.1.tar.gz $ tar xzf gdal-1.8.1.tar.gz $ cd gdal-1.8.1 Configure, make and install:: $ ./configure $ make # Go get some coffee, this takes a while. $ sudo make install $ cd .. .. note:: Because GeoDjango has it's own Python interface, the preceding instructions do not build GDAL's own Python bindings. The bindings may be built by adding the ``--with-python`` flag when running ``configure``. See `GDAL/OGR In Python`__ for more information on GDAL's bindings. If you have any problems, please see the troubleshooting section below for suggestions and solutions. __ http://trac.osgeo.org/gdal/ __ http://trac.osgeo.org/gdal/wiki/GdalOgrInPython .. _gdaltrouble: Troubleshooting ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Can't find GDAL library ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When GeoDjango can't find the GDAL library, the ``HAS_GDAL`` flag will be false: .. code-block:: pycon >>> from django.contrib.gis import gdal >>> gdal.HAS_GDAL False The solution is to properly configure your :ref:`libsettings` *or* set :ref:`gdallibrarypath` in your settings. .. _gdallibrarypath: ``GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH`` ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If your GDAL library is in a non-standard location, or you don't want to modify the system's library path then the :setting:`GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH` setting may be added to your Django settings file with the full path to the GDAL library. For example: .. code-block:: python GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH = '/home/sue/local/lib/libgdal.so' .. _gdaldata: Can't find GDAL data files (``GDAL_DATA``) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When installed from source, GDAL versions 1.5.1 and below have an autoconf bug that places data in the wrong location. [#]_ This can lead to error messages like this: .. code-block:: text ERROR 4: Unable to open EPSG support file gcs.csv. ... OGRException: OGR failure. The solution is to set the ``GDAL_DATA`` environment variable to the location of the GDAL data files before invoking Python (typically ``/usr/local/share``; use ``gdal-config --datadir`` to find out). For example:: $ export GDAL_DATA=`gdal-config --datadir` $ python manage.py shell If using Apache, you may need to add this environment variable to your configuration file: .. code-block:: apache SetEnv GDAL_DATA /usr/local/share .. _spatialite: SpatiaLite ---------- .. note:: Mac OS X users should follow the instructions in the :ref:`kyngchaos` section, as it is much easier than building from source. `SpatiaLite`__ adds spatial support to SQLite, turning it into a full-featured spatial database. Because SpatiaLite has special requirements, it typically requires SQLite and pysqlite2 (the Python SQLite DB-API adaptor) to be built from source. :ref:`geosbuild` and :ref:`proj4` should be installed prior to building SpatiaLite. After installation is complete, don't forget to read the post-installation docs on :ref:`create_spatialite_db`. __ http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/index.html .. _sqlite: SQLite ^^^^^^ Typically, SQLite packages are not compiled to include the `R*Tree module`__ -- thus it must be compiled from source. First download the latest amalgamation source archive from the `SQLite download page`__, and extract:: $ wget http://sqlite.org/sqlite-amalgamation-3.6.23.1.tar.gz $ tar xzf sqlite-amalgamation-3.6.23.1.tar.gz $ cd sqlite-3.6.23.1 Next, run the ``configure`` script -- however the ``CFLAGS`` environment variable needs to be customized so that SQLite knows to build the R*Tree module:: $ CFLAGS="-DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1" ./configure $ make $ sudo make install $ cd .. .. note:: If using Ubuntu, installing a newer SQLite from source can be very difficult because it links to the existing ``libsqlite3.so`` in ``/usr/lib`` which many other packages depend on. Unfortunately, the best solution at this time is to overwrite the existing library by adding ``--prefix=/usr`` to the ``configure`` command. __ http://www.sqlite.org/rtree.html __ http://www.sqlite.org/download.html .. _spatialitebuild : SpatiaLite library (``libspatialite``) and tools (``spatialite``) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ After SQLite has been built with the R*Tree module enabled, get the latest SpatiaLite library source and tools bundle from the `download page`__:: $ wget http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/libspatialite-amalgamation-2.3.1.tar.gz $ wget http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/spatialite-tools-2.3.1.tar.gz $ tar xzf libspatialite-amalgamation-2.3.1.tar.gz $ tar xzf spatialite-tools-2.3.1.tar.gz Prior to attempting to build, please read the important notes below to see if customization of the ``configure`` command is necessary. If not, then run the ``configure`` script, make, and install for the SpatiaLite library:: $ cd libspatialite-amalgamation-2.3.1 $ ./configure # May need to modified, see notes below. $ make $ sudo make install $ cd .. Finally, do the same for the SpatiaLite tools:: $ cd spatialite-tools-2.3.1 $ ./configure # May need to modified, see notes below. $ make $ sudo make install $ cd .. .. note:: If you've installed GEOS and PROJ.4 from binary packages, you will have to specify their paths when running the ``configure`` scripts for *both* the library and the tools (the configure scripts look, by default, in ``/usr/local``). For example, on Debian/Ubuntu distributions that have GEOS and PROJ.4 packages, the command would be:: $ ./configure --with-proj-include=/usr/include --with-proj-lib=/usr/lib --with-geos-include=/usr/include --with-geos-lib=/usr/lib .. note:: For Mac OS X users building from source, the SpatiaLite library *and* tools need to have their ``target`` configured:: $ ./configure --target=macosx __ http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/sources.html .. _pysqlite2: pysqlite2 ^^^^^^^^^ Because SpatiaLite must be loaded as an external extension, it requires the ``enable_load_extension`` method, which is only available in versions 2.5+. Thus, download pysqlite2 2.6, and untar:: $ wget http://pysqlite.googlecode.com/files/pysqlite-2.6.0.tar.gz $ tar xzf pysqlite-2.6.0.tar.gz $ cd pysqlite-2.6.0 Next, use a text editor (e.g., ``emacs`` or ``vi``) to edit the ``setup.cfg`` file to look like the following: .. code-block:: ini [build_ext] #define= include_dirs=/usr/local/include library_dirs=/usr/local/lib libraries=sqlite3 #define=SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION .. note:: The important thing here is to make sure you comment out the ``define=SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION`` flag and that the ``include_dirs`` and ``library_dirs`` settings are uncommented and set to the appropriate path if the SQLite header files and libraries are not in ``/usr/include`` and ``/usr/lib``, respectively. After modifying ``setup.cfg`` appropriately, then run the ``setup.py`` script to build and install:: $ sudo python setup.py install Post-installation ================= .. _spatialdb_template: Creating a spatial database template for PostGIS ------------------------------------------------ Creating a spatial database with PostGIS is different than normal because additional SQL must be loaded to enable spatial functionality. Because of the steps in this process, it's better to create a database template that can be reused later. First, you need to be able to execute the commands as a privileged database user. For example, you can use the following to become the ``postgres`` user:: $ sudo su - postgres .. note:: The location *and* name of the PostGIS SQL files (e.g., from ``POSTGIS_SQL_PATH`` below) depends on the version of PostGIS. PostGIS versions 1.3 and below use ``/contrib/lwpostgis.sql``; whereas version 1.4 uses ``/contrib/postgis.sql`` and version 1.5 uses ``/contrib/postgis-1.5/postgis.sql``. To complicate matters, :ref:`ubuntudebian` distributions have their own separate directory naming system that changes each release. The example below assumes PostGIS 1.5, thus you may need to modify ``POSTGIS_SQL_PATH`` and the name of the SQL file for the specific version of PostGIS you are using. Once you're a database super user, then you may execute the following commands to create a PostGIS spatial database template:: $ POSTGIS_SQL_PATH=`pg_config --sharedir`/contrib/postgis-1.5 # Creating the template spatial database. $ createdb -E UTF8 template_postgis $ createlang -d template_postgis plpgsql # Adding PLPGSQL language support. # Allows non-superusers the ability to create from this template $ psql -d postgres -c "UPDATE pg_database SET datistemplate='true' WHERE datname='template_postgis';" # Loading the PostGIS SQL routines $ psql -d template_postgis -f $POSTGIS_SQL_PATH/postgis.sql $ psql -d template_postgis -f $POSTGIS_SQL_PATH/spatial_ref_sys.sql # Enabling users to alter spatial tables. $ psql -d template_postgis -c "GRANT ALL ON geometry_columns TO PUBLIC;" $ psql -d template_postgis -c "GRANT ALL ON geography_columns TO PUBLIC;" $ psql -d template_postgis -c "GRANT ALL ON spatial_ref_sys TO PUBLIC;" These commands may be placed in a shell script for later use; for convenience the following scripts are available: =============== ============================================= PostGIS version Bash shell script =============== ============================================= 1.3 :download:`create_template_postgis-1.3.sh` 1.4 :download:`create_template_postgis-1.4.sh` 1.5 :download:`create_template_postgis-1.5.sh` Debian/Ubuntu :download:`create_template_postgis-debian.sh` =============== ============================================= Afterwards, you may create a spatial database by simply specifying ``template_postgis`` as the template to use (via the ``-T`` option):: $ createdb -T template_postgis .. note:: While the ``createdb`` command does not require database super-user privileges, it must be executed by a database user that has permissions to create databases. You can create such a user with the following command:: $ createuser --createdb .. _create_spatialite_db: Creating a spatial database for SpatiaLite ------------------------------------------ After you've installed SpatiaLite, you'll need to create a number of spatial metadata tables in your database in order to perform spatial queries. If you're using SpatiaLite 3.0 or newer, use the ``spatialite`` utility to call the ``InitSpatiaMetaData()`` function, like this:: $ spatialite geodjango.db "SELECT InitSpatialMetaData();" the SPATIAL_REF_SYS table already contains some row(s) InitSpatiaMetaData ()error:"table spatial_ref_sys already exists" 0 You can safely ignore the error messages shown. When you've done this, you can skip the rest of this section. If you're using a version of SpatiaLite older than 3.0, you'll need to download a database-initialization file and execute its SQL queries in your database. First, get it from the appropriate SpatiaLite Resources page ( http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite-2.3.1/resources.html for 2.3 or http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite-2.4.0/ for 2.4):: $ wget http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite-2.3.1/init_spatialite-2.3.sql.gz $ gunzip init_spatialite-2.3.sql.gz Then, use the ``spatialite`` command to initialize a spatial database:: $ spatialite geodjango.db < init_spatialite-2.X.sql .. note:: The parameter ``geodjango.db`` is the *filename* of the SQLite database you want to use. Use the same in the :setting:`DATABASES` ``"name"`` key inside your ``settings.py``. Add ``django.contrib.gis`` to :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` ------------------------------------------------------- Like other Django contrib applications, you will *only* need to add :mod:`django.contrib.gis` to :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` in your settings. This is the so that ``gis`` templates can be located -- if not done, then features such as the geographic admin or KML sitemaps will not function properly. .. _addgoogleprojection: Add Google projection to ``spatial_ref_sys`` table -------------------------------------------------- .. versionchanged:: 1.2 .. note:: If you're running PostGIS 1.4 or above, you can skip this step. The entry is already included in the default ``spatial_ref_sys`` table. In order to conduct database transformations to the so-called "Google" projection (a spherical mercator projection used by Google Maps), an entry must be added to your spatial database's ``spatial_ref_sys`` table. Invoke the Django shell from your project and execute the ``add_srs_entry`` function: .. code-block:: pycon $ python manage shell >>> from django.contrib.gis.utils import add_srs_entry >>> add_srs_entry(900913) .. note:: In Django 1.1 the name of this function is ``add_postgis_srs``. This adds an entry for the 900913 SRID to the ``spatial_ref_sys`` (or equivalent) table, making it possible for the spatial database to transform coordinates in this projection. You only need to execute this command *once* per spatial database. Troubleshooting =============== If you can't find the solution to your problem here then participate in the community! You can: * Join the ``#geodjango`` IRC channel on FreeNode. Please be patient and polite -- while you may not get an immediate response, someone will attempt to answer your question as soon as they see it. * Ask your question on the `GeoDjango`__ mailing list. * File a ticket on the `Django trac`__ if you think there's a bug. Make sure to provide a complete description of the problem, versions used, and specify the component as "GIS". __ http://groups.google.com/group/geodjango __ http://code.djangoproject.com/simpleticket .. _libsettings: Library environment settings ---------------------------- By far, the most common problem when installing GeoDjango is that the external shared libraries (e.g., for GEOS and GDAL) cannot be located. [#]_ Typically, the cause of this problem is that the operating system isn't aware of the directory where the libraries built from source were installed. In general, the library path may be set on a per-user basis by setting an environment variable, or by configuring the library path for the entire system. ``LD_LIBRARY_PATH`` environment variable ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ A user may set this environment variable to customize the library paths they want to use. The typical library directory for software built from source is ``/usr/local/lib``. Thus, ``/usr/local/lib`` needs to be included in the ``LD_LIBRARY_PATH`` variable. For example, the user could place the following in their bash profile:: export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib Setting system library path ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ On GNU/Linux systems, there is typically a file in ``/etc/ld.so.conf``, which may include additional paths from files in another directory, such as ``/etc/ld.so.conf.d``. As the root user, add the custom library path (like ``/usr/local/lib``) on a new line in ``ld.so.conf``. This is *one* example of how to do so:: $ sudo echo /usr/local/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf $ sudo ldconfig For OpenSolaris users, the system library path may be modified using the ``crle`` utility. Run ``crle`` with no options to see the current configuration and use ``crle -l`` to set with the new library path. Be *very* careful when modifying the system library path:: # crle -l $OLD_PATH:/usr/local/lib .. _binutils: Install ``binutils`` ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ GeoDjango uses the ``find_library`` function (from the ``ctypes.util`` Python module) to discover libraries. The ``find_library`` routine uses a program called ``objdump`` (part of the ``binutils`` package) to verify a shared library on GNU/Linux systems. Thus, if ``binutils`` is not installed on your Linux system then Python's ctypes may not be able to find your library even if your library path is set correctly and geospatial libraries were built perfectly. The ``binutils`` package may be installed on Debian and Ubuntu systems using the following command:: $ sudo apt-get install binutils Similarly, on Red Hat and CentOS systems:: $ sudo yum install binutils Platform-specific instructions ============================== .. _macosx: Mac OS X -------- Because of the variety of packaging systems available for OS X, users have several different options for installing GeoDjango. These options are: * :ref:`kyngchaos` * :ref:`fink` * :ref:`macports` * :ref:`build_from_source` .. note:: Currently, the easiest and recommended approach for installing GeoDjango on OS X is to use the KyngChaos packages. This section also includes instructions for installing an upgraded version of :ref:`macosx_python` from packages provided by the Python Software Foundation, however, this is not required. .. _macosx_python: Python ^^^^^^ Although OS X comes with Python installed, users can use framework installers (`2.5`__ and `2.6`__ are available) provided by the Python Software Foundation. An advantage to using the installer is that OS X's Python will remain "pristine" for internal operating system use. __ http://python.org/ftp/python/2.5.4/python-2.5.4-macosx.dmg __ http://python.org/ftp/python/2.6.2/python-2.6.2-macosx2009-04-16.dmg .. note:: You will need to modify the ``PATH`` environment variable in your ``.profile`` file so that the new version of Python is used when ``python`` is entered at the command-line:: export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:$PATH .. _kyngchaos: KyngChaos packages ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ William Kyngesburye provides a number of `geospatial library binary packages`__ that make it simple to get GeoDjango installed on OS X without compiling them from source. However, the `Apple Developer Tools`_ are still necessary for compiling the Python database adapters :ref:`psycopg2_kyngchaos` (for PostGIS) and :ref:`pysqlite2_kyngchaos` (for SpatiaLite). .. note:: SpatiaLite users should consult the :ref:`spatialite_kyngchaos` section after installing the packages for additional instructions. Download the framework packages for: * UnixImageIO * PROJ * GEOS * SQLite3 (includes the SpatiaLite library) * GDAL Install the packages in the order they are listed above, as the GDAL and SQLite packages require the packages listed before them. Afterwards, you can also install the KyngChaos binary packages for `PostgreSQL and PostGIS`__. After installing the binary packages, you'll want to add the following to your ``.profile`` to be able to run the package programs from the command-line:: export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/UnixImageIO.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/PROJ.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/GEOS.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/GDAL.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/usr/local/pgsql/bin:$PATH __ http://www.kyngchaos.com/software/frameworks __ http://www.kyngchaos.com/software/postgres .. note:: Use of these binaries requires Django 1.0.3 and above. If you are using a previous version of Django (like 1.0.2), then you will have to add the following in your settings: .. code-block:: python GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH='/Library/Frameworks/GEOS.framework/GEOS' GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH='/Library/Frameworks/GDAL.framework/GDAL' .. _psycopg2_kyngchaos: psycopg2 ~~~~~~~~ After you've installed the KyngChaos binaries and modified your ``PATH``, as described above, ``psycopg2`` may be installed using the following command:: $ sudo python easy_install psycopg2 .. note:: To use ``easy_install`` you'll need to install Python's `setuptools`_. .. _setuptools: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools .. _pysqlite2_kyngchaos: pysqlite2 ~~~~~~~~~ Follow the :ref:`pysqlite2` source install instructions, however, when editing the ``setup.cfg`` use the following instead: .. code-block:: ini [build_ext] #define= include_dirs=/Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/unix/include library_dirs=/Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/unix/lib libraries=sqlite3 #define=SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION .. _spatialite_kyngchaos: SpatiaLite ~~~~~~~~~~ When :ref:`create_spatialite_db`, the ``spatialite`` program is required. However, instead of attempting to compile the SpatiaLite tools from source, download the `SpatiaLite Binaries`__ for OS X, and install ``spatialite`` in a location available in your ``PATH``. For example:: $ curl -O http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/spatialite-tools-osx-x86-2.3.1.tar.gz $ tar xzf spatialite-tools-osx-x86-2.3.1.tar.gz $ cd spatialite-tools-osx-x86-2.3.1/bin $ sudo cp spatialite /Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/Programs Finally, for GeoDjango to be able to find the KyngChaos SpatiaLite library, add the following to your ``settings.py``: .. code-block:: python SPATIALITE_LIBRARY_PATH='/Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/SQLite3' __ http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/binaries.html .. _fink: Fink ^^^^ `Kurt Schwehr`__ has been gracious enough to create GeoDjango packages for users of the `Fink`__ package system. The following packages are available, depending on which version of Python you want to use: * ``django-gis-py26`` * ``django-gis-py25`` * ``django-gis-py24`` __ http://schwehr.org/blog/ __ http://www.finkproject.org/ .. _macports: MacPorts ^^^^^^^^ `MacPorts`__ may be used to install GeoDjango prerequisites on Macintosh computers running OS X. Because MacPorts still builds the software from source, the `Apple Developer Tools`_ are required. Summary:: $ sudo port install postgresql83-server $ sudo port install geos $ sudo port install proj $ sudo port install postgis $ sudo port install gdal $ sudo port install libgeoip .. note:: You will also have to modify the ``PATH`` in your ``.profile`` so that the MacPorts programs are accessible from the command-line:: export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/lib/postgresql83/bin In addition, add the ``DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH`` setting so that the libraries can be found by Python:: export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/local/lib:/opt/local/lib/postgresql83 __ http://www.macports.org/ .. _ubuntudebian: Ubuntu & Debian GNU/Linux ------------------------- .. note:: The PostGIS SQL files are not placed in the PostgreSQL share directory in the Debian and Ubuntu packages. Instead, they're located in a special directory depending on the release. In this case, use the :download:`create_template_postgis-debian.sh` script .. _ubuntu: Ubuntu ^^^^^^ .. _ubuntu10: 10.04 and 10.10 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In Ubuntu 10 PostgreSQL was upgraded to 8.4 and GDAL was upgraded to 1.6. Ubuntu 10.04 uses PostGIS 1.4, while Ubuntu 10.10 uses PostGIS 1.5 (with geography support). The installation commands are:: $ sudo apt-get install binutils gdal-bin libproj-dev postgresql-8.4-postgis \ postgresql-server-dev-8.4 python-psycopg2 python-setuptools $ sudo easy_install Django .. _ibex: 8.10 ~~~~ Use the synaptic package manager to install the following packages:: $ sudo apt-get install binutils gdal-bin postgresql-8.3-postgis \ postgresql-server-dev-8.3 python-psycopg2 python-setuptools Afterwards, you may install Django with Python's ``easy_install`` script (the Ubuntu package ``python-django`` uses an older version missing several important bug fixes for GeoDjango):: $ sudo easy_install Django That's it! For the curious, the required binary prerequisites packages are: * ``binutils``: for ctypes to find libraries * ``postgresql-8.3`` * ``postgresql-server-dev-8.3``: for ``pg_config`` * ``postgresql-8.3-postgis``: for PostGIS 1.3.3 * ``libgeos-3.0.0``, and ``libgeos-c1``: for GEOS 3.0.0 * ``libgdal1-1.5.0``: for GDAL 1.5.0 library * ``proj``: for PROJ 4.6.0 -- but no datum shifting files, see note below * ``python-psycopg2`` * ``python-setuptools``: for ``easy_install`` Optional packages to consider: * ``libgeoip1``: for :ref:`GeoIP ` support * ``gdal-bin``: for GDAL command line programs like ``ogr2ogr`` * ``python-gdal`` for GDAL's own Python bindings -- includes interfaces for raster manipulation .. note:: On this version of Ubuntu the ``proj`` package does not come with the datum shifting files installed, which will cause problems with the geographic admin because the ``null`` datum grid is not available for transforming geometries to the spherical mercator projection. A solution is to download the datum-shifting files, create the grid file, and install it yourself:: $ wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-1.4.tar.gz $ mkdir nad $ cd nad $ tar xzf ../proj-datumgrid-1.4.tar.gz $ nad2bin null < null.lla $ sudo cp null /usr/share/proj Otherwise, the Ubuntu ``proj`` package is fine for general use as long as you do not plan on doing any database transformation of geometries to the Google projection (900913). .. _heron: 8.04 and lower ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The 8.04 (and lower) versions of Ubuntu use GEOS v2.2.3 in their binary packages, which is incompatible with GeoDjango. Thus, do *not* use the binary packages for GEOS or PostGIS and build some prerequisites from source, per the instructions in this document; however, it is okay to use the PostgreSQL binary packages. For more details, please see the Debian instructions for :ref:`etch` below. .. _debian: Debian ------ .. _etch: 4.0 (Etch) ^^^^^^^^^^ The situation here is the same as that of Ubuntu :ref:`heron` -- in other words, some packages must be built from source to work properly with GeoDjango. Binary packages ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The following command will install acceptable binary packages, as well as the development tools necessary to build the rest of the requirements:: $ sudo apt-get install binutils bzip2 gcc g++ flex make postgresql-8.1 \ postgresql-server-dev-8.1 python-ctypes python-psycopg2 python-setuptools Required package information: * ``binutils``: for ctypes to find libraries * ``bzip2``: for decompressing the source packages * ``gcc``, ``g++``, ``make``: GNU developer tools used to compile the libraries * ``flex``: required to build PostGIS * ``postgresql-8.1`` * ``postgresql-server-dev-8.1``: for ``pg_config`` * ``python-psycopg2`` * ``python-setuptools``: for ``easy_install`` Optional packages: * ``libgeoip``: for :ref:`GeoIP ` support Source packages ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ You will still have to install :ref:`geosbuild`, :ref:`proj4`, :ref:`postgis`, and :ref:`gdalbuild` from source. Please follow the directions carefully. .. _lenny: 5.0 (Lenny) ^^^^^^^^^^^ This version is comparable to Ubuntu :ref:`ibex`, so the command is very similar:: $ sudo apt-get install binutils libgdal1-1.5.0 postgresql-8.3 \ postgresql-8.3-postgis postgresql-server-dev-8.3 \ python-psycopg2 python-setuptools This assumes that you are using PostgreSQL version 8.3. Else, replace ``8.3`` in the above command with the appropriate PostgreSQL version. .. note:: Please read the note in the Ubuntu :ref:`ibex` install documentation about the ``proj`` package -- it also applies here because the package does not include the datum shifting files. .. _post_install: Post-installation notes ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If the PostgreSQL database cluster was not initiated after installing, then it can be created (and started) with the following command:: $ sudo pg_createcluster --start 8.3 main Afterwards, the ``/etc/init.d/postgresql-8.3`` script should be used to manage the starting and stopping of PostgreSQL. In addition, the SQL files for PostGIS are placed in a different location on Debian 5.0 . Thus when :ref:`spatialdb_template` either: * Create a symbolic link to these files:: $ sudo ln -s /usr/share/postgresql-8.3-postgis/{lwpostgis,spatial_ref_sys}.sql \ /usr/share/postgresql/8.3 If not running PostgreSQL 8.3, then replace ``8.3`` in the command above with the correct version. * Or use the :download:`create_template_postgis-debian.sh` to create the spatial database. .. _windows: Windows ------- Proceed through the following sections sequentially in order to install GeoDjango on Windows. .. note:: These instructions assume that you are using 32-bit versions of all programs. While 64-bit versions of Python and PostgreSQL 9.0 are available, 64-bit versions of spatial libraries, like GEOS and GDAL, are not yet provided by the :ref:`OSGeo4W` installer. Python ^^^^^^ First, download the latest `Python 2.7 installer`__ from the Python Web site. Next, run the installer and keep the defaults -- for example, keep 'Install for all users' checked and the installation path set as ``C:\Python27``. .. note:: You may already have a version of Python installed in ``C:\python`` as ESRI products sometimes install a copy there. *You should still install a fresh version of Python 2.7.* __ http://python.org/download/ PostgreSQL ^^^^^^^^^^ First, download the latest `PostgreSQL 9.0 installer`__ from the `EnterpriseDB`__ Web site. After downloading, simply run the installer, follow the on-screen directions, and keep the default options unless you know the consequences of changing them. .. note:: The PostgreSQL installer creates both a new Windows user to be the 'postgres service account' and a ``postgres`` database superuser You will be prompted once to set the password for both accounts -- make sure to remember it! When the installer completes, it will ask to launch the Application Stack Builder (ASB) on exit -- keep this checked, as it is necessary to install :ref:`postgisasb`. .. note:: If installed successfully, the PostgreSQL server will run in the background each time the system as started as a Windows service. A :menuselection:`PostgreSQL 9.0` start menu group will created and contains shortcuts for the ASB as well as the 'SQL Shell', which will launch a ``psql`` command window. __ http://www.enterprisedb.com/products-services-training/pgdownload __ http://www.enterprisedb.com .. _postgisasb: PostGIS ^^^^^^^ From within the Application Stack Builder (to run outside of the installer, :menuselection:`Start --> Programs --> PostgreSQL 9.0`), select :menuselection:`PostgreSQL Database Server 9.0 on port 5432` from the drop down menu. Next, expand the :menuselection:`Categories --> Spatial Extensions` menu tree and select :menuselection:`PostGIS 1.5 for PostgreSQL 9.0`. After clicking next, you will be prompted to select your mirror, PostGIS will be downloaded, and the PostGIS installer will begin. Select only the default options during install (e.g., do not uncheck the option to create a default PostGIS database). .. note:: You will be prompted to enter your ``postgres`` database superuser password in the 'Database Connection Information' dialog. psycopg2 ^^^^^^^^ The ``psycopg2`` Python module provides the interface between Python and the PostgreSQL database. Download the latest `Windows installer`__ for your version of Python and PostgreSQL and run using the default settings. [#]_ __ http://www.stickpeople.com/projects/python/win-psycopg/ .. _osgeo4w: OSGeo4W ^^^^^^^ The `OSGeo4W installer`_ makes it simple to install the PROJ.4, GDAL, and GEOS libraries required by GeoDjango. First, download the `OSGeo4W installer`_, and run it. Select :menuselection:`Express Web-GIS Install` and click next. In the 'Select Packages' list, ensure that GDAL is selected; MapServer and Apache are also enabled by default, but are not required by GeoDjango and may be unchecked safely. After clicking next, the packages will be automatically downloaded and installed, after which you may exit the installer. .. _OSGeo4W installer: http://trac.osgeo.org/osgeo4w/ Modify Windows environment ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ In order to use GeoDjango, you will need to add your Python and OSGeo4W directories to your Windows system ``Path``, as well as create ``GDAL_DATA`` and ``PROJ_LIB`` environment variables. The following set of commands, executable with ``cmd.exe``, will set this up: .. code-block:: bat set OSGEO4W_ROOT=C:\OSGeo4W set PYTHON_ROOT=C:\Python27 set GDAL_DATA=%OSGEO4W_ROOT%\share\gdal set PROJ_LIB=%OSGEO4W_ROOT%\share\proj set PATH=%PATH%;%PYTHON_ROOT%;%OSGEO4W_ROOT%\bin reg ADD "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v Path /t REG_EXPAND_SZ /f /d "%PATH%" reg ADD "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v GDAL_DATA /t REG_EXPAND_SZ /f /d "%GDAL_DATA%" reg ADD "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v PROJ_LIB /t REG_EXPAND_SZ /f /d "%PROJ_LIB%" For your convenience, these commands are available in the executable batch script, :download:`geodjango_setup.bat`. .. note:: Administrator privileges are required to execute these commands. To do this, right-click on :download:`geodjango_setup.bat` and select :menuselection:`Run as administrator`. You need to log out and log back in again for the settings to take effect. .. note:: If you customized the Python or OSGeo4W installation directories, then you will need to modify the ``OSGEO4W_ROOT`` and/or ``PYTHON_ROOT`` variables accordingly. Install Django and set up database ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Finally, :ref:`install Django ` on your system. You do not need to create a spatial database template, as one named ``template_postgis`` is created for you when installing PostGIS. To administer the database, you can either use the pgAdmin III program (:menuselection:`Start --> PostgreSQL 9.0 --> pgAdmin III`) or the SQL Shell (:menuselection:`Start --> PostgreSQL 9.0 --> SQL Shell`). For example, to create a ``geodjango`` spatial database and user, the following may be executed from the SQL Shell as the ``postgres`` user:: postgres# CREATE USER geodjango PASSWORD 'my_passwd'; postgres# CREATE DATABASE geodjango OWNER geodjango TEMPLATE template_postgis ENCODING 'utf8'; .. rubric:: Footnotes .. [#] The datum shifting files are needed for converting data to and from certain projections. For example, the PROJ.4 string for the `Google projection (900913) `_ requires the ``null`` grid file only included in the extra datum shifting files. It is easier to install the shifting files now, then to have debug a problem caused by their absence later. .. [#] Specifically, GeoDjango provides support for the `OGR `_ library, a component of GDAL. .. [#] See `GDAL ticket #2382 `_. .. [#] GeoDjango uses the :func:`~ctypes.util.find_library` routine from :mod:`ctypes.util` to locate shared libraries. .. [#] The ``psycopg2`` Windows installers are packaged and maintained by `Jason Erickson `_.