from unittest import mock from django.db import transaction from django.test import TestCase, skipIfDBFeature, skipUnlessDBFeature from django.utils.deprecation import RemovedInDjango60Warning from .models import Article, InheritedArticleA, InheritedArticleB, Publication, User class ManyToManyTests(TestCase): @classmethod def setUpTestData(cls): # Create a couple of Publications. cls.p1 = Publication.objects.create(title="The Python Journal") cls.p2 = Publication.objects.create(title="Science News") cls.p3 = Publication.objects.create(title="Science Weekly") cls.p4 = Publication.objects.create(title="Highlights for Children") cls.a1 = Article.objects.create( headline="Django lets you build web apps easily" ) cls.a1.publications.add(cls.p1) cls.a2 = Article.objects.create(headline="NASA uses Python") cls.a2.publications.add(cls.p1, cls.p2, cls.p3, cls.p4) cls.a3 = Article.objects.create(headline="NASA finds intelligent life on Earth") cls.a3.publications.add(cls.p2) cls.a4 = Article.objects.create(headline="Oxygen-free diet works wonders") cls.a4.publications.add(cls.p2) def test_add(self): # Create an Article. a5 = Article(headline="Django lets you create web apps easily") # You can't associate it with a Publication until it's been saved. msg = ( '"" needs to have ' 'a value for field "id" before this many-to-many relationship can be used.' ) with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg): getattr(a5, "publications") # Save it! a5.save() # Associate the Article with a Publication. a5.publications.add(self.p1) self.assertSequenceEqual(a5.publications.all(), [self.p1]) # Create another Article, and set it to appear in both Publications. a6 = Article(headline="ESA uses Python") a6.save() a6.publications.add(self.p1, self.p2) a6.publications.add(self.p3) # Adding a second time is OK a6.publications.add(self.p3) self.assertSequenceEqual( a6.publications.all(), [self.p2, self.p3, self.p1], ) # Adding an object of the wrong type raises TypeError msg = ( "'Publication' instance expected, got " ) with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg): with transaction.atomic(): a6.publications.add(a5) # Add a Publication directly via publications.add by using keyword arguments. p5 = a6.publications.create(title="Highlights for Adults") self.assertSequenceEqual( a6.publications.all(), [p5, self.p2, self.p3, self.p1], ) def test_add_remove_set_by_pk(self): a5 = Article.objects.create(headline="Django lets you create web apps easily") a5.publications.add(self.p1.pk) self.assertSequenceEqual(a5.publications.all(), [self.p1]) a5.publications.set([self.p2.pk]) self.assertSequenceEqual(a5.publications.all(), [self.p2]) a5.publications.remove(self.p2.pk) self.assertSequenceEqual(a5.publications.all(), []) def test_add_remove_set_by_to_field(self): user_1 = User.objects.create(username="Jean") user_2 = User.objects.create(username="Joe") a5 = Article.objects.create(headline="Django lets you create web apps easily") a5.authors.add(user_1.username) self.assertSequenceEqual(a5.authors.all(), [user_1]) a5.authors.set([user_2.username]) self.assertSequenceEqual(a5.authors.all(), [user_2]) a5.authors.remove(user_2.username) self.assertSequenceEqual(a5.authors.all(), []) def test_related_manager_refresh(self): user_1 = User.objects.create(username="Jean") user_2 = User.objects.create(username="Joe") self.a3.authors.add(user_1.username) self.assertSequenceEqual(user_1.article_set.all(), [self.a3]) # Change the username on a different instance of the same user. user_1_from_db = User.objects.get(pk=user_1.pk) self.assertSequenceEqual(user_1_from_db.article_set.all(), [self.a3]) user_1_from_db.username = "Paul" self.a3.authors.set([user_2.username]) user_1_from_db.save() # Assign a different article. self.a4.authors.add(user_1_from_db.username) self.assertSequenceEqual(user_1_from_db.article_set.all(), [self.a4]) # Refresh the instance with an evaluated related manager. user_1.refresh_from_db() self.assertEqual(user_1.username, "Paul") self.assertSequenceEqual(user_1.article_set.all(), [self.a4]) def test_add_remove_invalid_type(self): msg = "Field 'id' expected a number but got 'invalid'." for method in ["add", "remove"]: with self.subTest(method), self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg): getattr(self.a1.publications, method)("invalid") def test_reverse_add(self): # Adding via the 'other' end of an m2m a5 = Article(headline="NASA finds intelligent life on Mars") a5.save() self.p2.article_set.add(a5) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, a5, self.a2, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(a5.publications.all(), [self.p2]) # Adding via the other end using keywords a6 = self.p2.article_set.create(headline="Carbon-free diet works wonders") self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [a6, self.a3, a5, self.a2, self.a4], ) a6 = self.p2.article_set.all()[3] self.assertSequenceEqual( a6.publications.all(), [self.p4, self.p2, self.p3, self.p1], ) @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_ignore_conflicts") def test_fast_add_ignore_conflicts(self): """ A single query is necessary to add auto-created through instances if the database backend supports bulk_create(ignore_conflicts) and no m2m_changed signals receivers are connected. """ with self.assertNumQueries(1): self.a1.publications.add(self.p1, self.p2) @skipIfDBFeature("supports_ignore_conflicts") def test_add_existing_different_type(self): # A single SELECT query is necessary to compare existing values to the # provided one; no INSERT should be attempted. with self.assertNumQueries(1): self.a1.publications.add(str(self.p1.pk)) self.assertEqual(self.a1.publications.get(), self.p1) @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_ignore_conflicts") def test_slow_add_ignore_conflicts(self): manager_cls = self.a1.publications.__class__ # Simulate a race condition between the missing ids retrieval and # the bulk insertion attempt. missing_target_ids = {self.p1.id} # Disable fast-add to test the case where the slow add path is taken. add_plan = (True, False, False) with mock.patch.object( manager_cls, "_get_missing_target_ids", return_value=missing_target_ids ) as mocked: with mock.patch.object(manager_cls, "_get_add_plan", return_value=add_plan): self.a1.publications.add(self.p1) mocked.assert_called_once() def test_related_sets(self): # Article objects have access to their related Publication objects. self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a1.publications.all(), [self.p1]) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.a2.publications.all(), [self.p4, self.p2, self.p3, self.p1], ) # Publication objects have access to their related Article objects. self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, self.a2, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p1.article_set.all(), [self.a1, self.a2], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.get(id=self.p4.id).article_set.all(), [self.a2], ) def test_selects(self): # We can perform kwarg queries across m2m relationships self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.filter(publications__id__exact=self.p1.id), [self.a1, self.a2], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.filter(publications__pk=self.p1.id), [self.a1, self.a2], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.filter(publications=self.p1.id), [self.a1, self.a2], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.filter(publications=self.p1), [self.a1, self.a2], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.filter(publications__title__startswith="Science"), [self.a3, self.a2, self.a2, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.filter( publications__title__startswith="Science" ).distinct(), [self.a3, self.a2, self.a4], ) # The count() function respects distinct() as well. self.assertEqual( Article.objects.filter(publications__title__startswith="Science").count(), 4 ) self.assertEqual( Article.objects.filter(publications__title__startswith="Science") .distinct() .count(), 3, ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.filter( publications__in=[self.p1.id, self.p2.id] ).distinct(), [self.a1, self.a3, self.a2, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.filter(publications__in=[self.p1.id, self.p2]).distinct(), [self.a1, self.a3, self.a2, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.filter(publications__in=[self.p1, self.p2]).distinct(), [self.a1, self.a3, self.a2, self.a4], ) # Excluding a related item works as you would expect, too (although the SQL # involved is a little complex). self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.exclude(publications=self.p2), [self.a1], ) def test_reverse_selects(self): # Reverse m2m queries are supported (i.e., starting at the table that # doesn't have a ManyToManyField). python_journal = [self.p1] self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(id__exact=self.p1.id), python_journal ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(pk=self.p1.id), python_journal ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(article__headline__startswith="NASA"), [self.p4, self.p2, self.p2, self.p3, self.p1], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(article__id__exact=self.a1.id), python_journal ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(article__pk=self.a1.id), python_journal ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(article=self.a1.id), python_journal ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(article=self.a1), python_journal ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(article__in=[self.a1.id, self.a2.id]).distinct(), [self.p4, self.p2, self.p3, self.p1], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(article__in=[self.a1.id, self.a2]).distinct(), [self.p4, self.p2, self.p3, self.p1], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.filter(article__in=[self.a1, self.a2]).distinct(), [self.p4, self.p2, self.p3, self.p1], ) def test_delete(self): # If we delete a Publication, its Articles won't be able to access it. self.p1.delete() self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.all(), [self.p4, self.p2, self.p3], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a1.publications.all(), []) # If we delete an Article, its Publications won't be able to access it. self.a2.delete() self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.all(), [self.a1, self.a3, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, self.a4], ) def test_bulk_delete(self): # Bulk delete some Publications - references to deleted publications should go Publication.objects.filter(title__startswith="Science").delete() self.assertSequenceEqual( Publication.objects.all(), [self.p4, self.p1], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( Article.objects.all(), [self.a1, self.a3, self.a2, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.a2.publications.all(), [self.p4, self.p1], ) # Bulk delete some articles - references to deleted objects should go q = Article.objects.filter(headline__startswith="Django") self.assertSequenceEqual(q, [self.a1]) q.delete() # After the delete, the QuerySet cache needs to be cleared, # and the referenced objects should be gone self.assertSequenceEqual(q, []) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p1.article_set.all(), [self.a2]) def test_remove(self): # Removing publication from an article: self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, self.a2, self.a4], ) self.a4.publications.remove(self.p2) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, self.a2], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), []) # And from the other end self.p2.article_set.remove(self.a3) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a2]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a3.publications.all(), []) def test_set(self): self.p2.article_set.set([self.a4, self.a3]) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), [self.p2]) self.a4.publications.set([self.p3.id]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), [self.p3]) self.p2.article_set.set([]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), []) self.a4.publications.set([]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), []) self.p2.article_set.set([self.a4, self.a3], clear=True) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), [self.p2]) self.a4.publications.set([self.p3.id], clear=True) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), [self.p3]) self.p2.article_set.set([], clear=True) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), []) self.a4.publications.set([], clear=True) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), []) def test_set_existing_different_type(self): # Existing many-to-many relations remain the same for values provided # with a different type. ids = set( Publication.article_set.through.objects.filter( article__in=[self.a4, self.a3], publication=self.p2, ).values_list("id", flat=True) ) self.p2.article_set.set([str(self.a4.pk), str(self.a3.pk)]) new_ids = set( Publication.article_set.through.objects.filter( publication=self.p2, ).values_list("id", flat=True) ) self.assertEqual(ids, new_ids) def test_assign_forward(self): msg = ( "Direct assignment to the reverse side of a many-to-many set is " "prohibited. Use article_set.set() instead." ) with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg): self.p2.article_set = [self.a4, self.a3] def test_assign_reverse(self): msg = ( "Direct assignment to the forward side of a many-to-many " "set is prohibited. Use publications.set() instead." ) with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg): self.a1.publications = [self.p1, self.p2] def test_assign(self): # Relation sets can be assigned using set(). self.p2.article_set.set([self.a4, self.a3]) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), [self.p2]) self.a4.publications.set([self.p3.id]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), [self.p3]) # An alternate to calling clear() is to set an empty set. self.p2.article_set.set([]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), []) self.a4.publications.set([]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), []) def test_assign_ids(self): # Relation sets can also be set using primary key values self.p2.article_set.set([self.a4.id, self.a3.id]) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), [self.p2]) self.a4.publications.set([self.p3.id]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3]) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), [self.p3]) def test_forward_assign_with_queryset(self): # Querysets used in m2m assignments are pre-evaluated so their value # isn't affected by the clearing operation in ManyRelatedManager.set() # (#19816). self.a1.publications.set([self.p1, self.p2]) qs = self.a1.publications.filter(title="The Python Journal") self.a1.publications.set(qs) self.assertEqual(1, self.a1.publications.count()) self.assertEqual(1, qs.count()) def test_reverse_assign_with_queryset(self): # Querysets used in M2M assignments are pre-evaluated so their value # isn't affected by the clearing operation in ManyRelatedManager.set() # (#19816). self.p1.article_set.set([self.a1, self.a2]) qs = self.p1.article_set.filter( headline="Django lets you build web apps easily" ) self.p1.article_set.set(qs) self.assertEqual(1, self.p1.article_set.count()) self.assertEqual(1, qs.count()) def test_clear(self): # Relation sets can be cleared: self.p2.article_set.clear() self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), []) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), []) # And you can clear from the other end self.p2.article_set.add(self.a3, self.a4) self.assertSequenceEqual( self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3, self.a4], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), [self.p2]) self.a4.publications.clear() self.assertSequenceEqual(self.a4.publications.all(), []) self.assertSequenceEqual(self.p2.article_set.all(), [self.a3]) def test_clear_after_prefetch(self): a4 = Article.objects.prefetch_related("publications").get(id=self.a4.id) self.assertSequenceEqual(a4.publications.all(), [self.p2]) a4.publications.clear() self.assertSequenceEqual(a4.publications.all(), []) def test_remove_after_prefetch(self): a4 = Article.objects.prefetch_related("publications").get(id=self.a4.id) self.assertSequenceEqual(a4.publications.all(), [self.p2]) a4.publications.remove(self.p2) self.assertSequenceEqual(a4.publications.all(), []) def test_add_after_prefetch(self): a4 = Article.objects.prefetch_related("publications").get(id=self.a4.id) self.assertEqual(a4.publications.count(), 1) a4.publications.add(self.p1) self.assertEqual(a4.publications.count(), 2) def test_create_after_prefetch(self): a4 = Article.objects.prefetch_related("publications").get(id=self.a4.id) self.assertSequenceEqual(a4.publications.all(), [self.p2]) p5 = a4.publications.create(title="Django beats") self.assertCountEqual(a4.publications.all(), [self.p2, p5]) def test_set_after_prefetch(self): a4 = Article.objects.prefetch_related("publications").get(id=self.a4.id) self.assertEqual(a4.publications.count(), 1) a4.publications.set([self.p2, self.p1]) self.assertEqual(a4.publications.count(), 2) a4.publications.set([self.p1]) self.assertEqual(a4.publications.count(), 1) def test_add_then_remove_after_prefetch(self): a4 = Article.objects.prefetch_related("publications").get(id=self.a4.id) self.assertEqual(a4.publications.count(), 1) a4.publications.add(self.p1) self.assertEqual(a4.publications.count(), 2) a4.publications.remove(self.p1) self.assertSequenceEqual(a4.publications.all(), [self.p2]) def test_inherited_models_selects(self): """ #24156 - Objects from child models where the parent's m2m field uses related_name='+' should be retrieved correctly. """ a = InheritedArticleA.objects.create() b = InheritedArticleB.objects.create() a.publications.add(self.p1, self.p2) self.assertSequenceEqual( a.publications.all(), [self.p2, self.p1], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(b.publications.all(), []) b.publications.add(self.p3) self.assertSequenceEqual( a.publications.all(), [self.p2, self.p1], ) self.assertSequenceEqual(b.publications.all(), [self.p3]) def test_custom_default_manager_exists_count(self): a5 = Article.objects.create(headline="deleted") a5.publications.add(self.p2) self.assertEqual(self.p2.article_set.count(), self.p2.article_set.all().count()) self.assertEqual( self.p3.article_set.exists(), self.p3.article_set.all().exists() ) def test_get_prefetch_queryset_warning(self): articles = Article.objects.all() msg = ( "get_prefetch_queryset() is deprecated. Use get_prefetch_querysets() " "instead." ) with self.assertWarnsMessage(RemovedInDjango60Warning, msg): self.a1.publications.get_prefetch_queryset(articles) def test_get_prefetch_querysets_invalid_querysets_length(self): articles = Article.objects.all() msg = ( "querysets argument of get_prefetch_querysets() should have a length of 1." ) with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg): self.a1.publications.get_prefetch_querysets( instances=articles, querysets=[Publication.objects.all(), Publication.objects.all()], )