Fixed CVE-2025-32873 -- Mitigated potential DoS in strip_tags().

Thanks to Elias Myllymäki for the report, and Shai Berger and Jake
Howard for the reviews.

Co-authored-by: Natalia <124304+nessita@users.noreply.github.com>

django/utils/html.py

@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@ VOID_ELEMENTS = frozenset(
 
 MAX_STRIP_TAGS_DEPTH = 50
 
+# HTML tag that opens but has no closing ">" after 1k+ chars.
+long_open_tag_without_closing_re = _lazy_re_compile(r"<[a-zA-Z][^>]{1000,}")
+
 
 @keep_lazy(SafeString)
 def escape(text):
@@ -208,6 +211,9 @@ def _strip_once(value):
 def strip_tags(value):
     """Return the given HTML with all tags stripped."""
     value = str(value)
+    for long_open_tag in long_open_tag_without_closing_re.finditer(value):
+        if long_open_tag.group().count("<") >= MAX_STRIP_TAGS_DEPTH:
+            raise SuspiciousOperation
     # Note: in typical case this loop executes _strip_once twice (the second
     # execution does not remove any more tags).
     strip_tags_depth = 0