diff --git a/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py b/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py
index 56a759b1bd..b0b2ac5583 100644
--- a/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py
+++ b/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py
@@ -256,17 +256,8 @@ class SQLCompiler:
             # self.query.select is a special case. These columns never go to
             # any model.
             cols = self.query.select
-        if cols:
-            klass_info = {
-                "model": self.query.model,
-                "select_fields": list(
-                    range(
-                        len(self.query.extra_select),
-                        len(self.query.extra_select) + len(cols),
-                    )
-                ),
-            }
         selected = []
+        select_fields = None
         if self.query.selected is None:
             selected = [
                 *(
@@ -276,18 +267,28 @@ class SQLCompiler:
                 *((None, col) for col in cols),
                 *self.query.annotation_select.items(),
             ]
+            select_fields = list(
+                range(
+                    len(self.query.extra_select),
+                    len(self.query.extra_select) + len(cols),
+                )
+            )
         else:
-            for alias, expression in self.query.selected.items():
+            select_fields = []
+            for index, (alias, expression) in enumerate(self.query.selected.items()):
                 # Reference to an annotation.
                 if isinstance(expression, str):
                     expression = self.query.annotations[expression]
                 # Reference to a column.
                 elif isinstance(expression, int):
+                    select_fields.append(index)
                     expression = cols[expression]
                 # ColPairs cannot be aliased.
                 if isinstance(expression, ColPairs):
                     alias = None
                 selected.append((alias, expression))
+        if select_fields:
+            klass_info = {"model": self.query.model, "select_fields": select_fields}
 
         for select_idx, (alias, expression) in enumerate(selected):
             if alias:
diff --git a/docs/releases/5.2.1.txt b/docs/releases/5.2.1.txt
index b2ff7c22d4..139ce32da1 100644
--- a/docs/releases/5.2.1.txt
+++ b/docs/releases/5.2.1.txt
@@ -28,3 +28,7 @@ Bugfixes
   ``allow_overwrite=True``, where leftover content from a previously larger
   file could remain after overwriting with a smaller one due to lack of
   truncation (:ticket:`36298`).
+
+* Fixed a regression in Django 5.2 that caused a crash when using
+  ``QuerySet.select_for_update(of=(…))`` with ``values()/values_list()``
+  including expressions (:ticket:`36301`).
diff --git a/tests/select_for_update/tests.py b/tests/select_for_update/tests.py
index e8ba8f8b6e..1bc87113ba 100644
--- a/tests/select_for_update/tests.py
+++ b/tests/select_for_update/tests.py
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ from django.db import (
     router,
     transaction,
 )
+from django.db.models import F, Value
+from django.db.models.functions import Concat
 from django.test import (
     TransactionTestCase,
     override_settings,
@@ -149,6 +151,15 @@ class SelectForUpdateTests(TransactionTestCase):
         expected = [connection.ops.quote_name(value) for value in expected]
         self.assertTrue(self.has_for_update_sql(ctx.captured_queries, of=expected))
 
+    @skipUnlessDBFeature("has_select_for_update_of")
+    def test_for_update_of_values_list(self):
+        queries = Person.objects.select_for_update(
+            of=("self",),
+        ).values_list(Concat(Value("Dr. "), F("name")), "born")
+        with transaction.atomic():
+            values = queries.get(pk=self.person.pk)
+        self.assertSequenceEqual(values, ("Dr. Reinhardt", self.city1.pk))
+
     @skipUnlessDBFeature("has_select_for_update_of")
     def test_for_update_sql_model_inheritance_generated_of(self):
         with transaction.atomic(), CaptureQueriesContext(connection) as ctx: