boulder-oracle-sprint: Merged to [4065]

git-svn-id: http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/boulder-oracle-sprint@4066 bcc190cf-cafb-0310-a4f2-bffc1f526a37

django/conf/global_settings.py

@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ DATABASE_USER = ''             # Not used with sqlite3.
 DATABASE_PASSWORD = ''         # Not used with sqlite3.
 DATABASE_HOST = ''             # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
 DATABASE_PORT = ''             # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
+DATABASE_OPTIONS = {}          # Set to empty dictionary for default.
 
 # Host for sending e-mail.
 EMAIL_HOST = 'localhost'
@@ -228,6 +229,10 @@ MONTH_DAY_FORMAT = 'F j'
 # Hint: you really don't!
 TRANSACTIONS_MANAGED = False
 
+# The User-Agent string to use when checking for URL validity through the
+# isExistingURL validator.
+URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT = "Django/0.96pre (http://www.djangoproject.com)"
+
 ##############
 # MIDDLEWARE #
 ##############

django/contrib/admin/media/js/dateparse.js

@@ -169,8 +169,8 @@ var dateParsePatterns = [
         handler: function(bits) {
             var d = new Date();
             d.setYear(parseInt(bits[1]));
-            d.setDate(parseInt(bits[3], 10));
             d.setMonth(parseInt(bits[2], 10) - 1);
+            d.setDate(parseInt(bits[3], 10));
             return d;
         }
     },

django/contrib/admin/templatetags/admin_modify.py

@@ -177,8 +177,8 @@ def output_all(form_fields):
 output_all = register.simple_tag(output_all)
 
 def auto_populated_field_script(auto_pop_fields, change = False):
+    t = []
     for field in auto_pop_fields:
-        t = []
         if change:
             t.append('document.getElementById("id_%s")._changed = true;' % field.name)
         else:

django/contrib/comments/models.py

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class CommentManager(models.Manager):
         """
         Given a rating_string, this returns a tuple of (rating_range, options).
         >>> s = "scale:1-10|First_category|Second_category"
-        >>> get_rating_options(s)
+        >>> Comment.objects.get_rating_options(s)
         ([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], ['First category', 'Second category'])
         """
         rating_range, options = rating_string.split('|', 1)

django/core/mail.py

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ from django.conf import settings
 from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
 from email.Header import Header
 import smtplib, rfc822
+import socket
+import time
+import random
+
+DNS_NAME = socket.getfqdn() # Cache the hostname
 
 class BadHeaderError(ValueError):
     pass
@@ -50,6 +55,11 @@ def send_mass_mail(datatuple, fail_silently=False, auth_user=settings.EMAIL_HOST
         msg['From'] = from_email
         msg['To'] = ', '.join(recipient_list)
         msg['Date'] = rfc822.formatdate()
+        try:
+            random_bits = str(random.getrandbits(64))
+        except AttributeError: # Python 2.3 doesn't have random.getrandbits().
+            random_bits = ''.join([random.choice('1234567890') for i in range(19)])
+        msg['Message-ID'] = "<%d.%s@%s>" % (time.time(), random_bits, DNS_NAME)
         try:
             server.sendmail(from_email, recipient_list, msg.as_string())
             num_sent += 1

django/core/management.py

@@ -393,6 +393,8 @@ def get_sql_initial_data_for_model(model):
         if os.path.exists(sql_file):
             fp = open(sql_file, 'U')
             for statement in statements.split(fp.read()):
+                # Remove any comments from the file
+                statement = re.sub(r"--.*[\n\Z]", "", statement)
                 if statement.strip():
                     output.append(statement + ";")
             fp.close()

django/core/paginator.py

@@ -1,54 +1,46 @@
-from math import ceil
-
 class InvalidPage(Exception):
     pass
 
 class ObjectPaginator(object):
     """
-    This class makes pagination easy. Feed it a QuerySet, plus the number of
+    This class makes pagination easy. Feed it a QuerySet or list, plus the number
-    objects you want on each page. Then read the hits and pages properties to
+    of objects you want on each page. Then read the hits and pages properties to
     see how many pages it involves. Call get_page with a page number (starting
     at 0) to get back a list of objects for that page.
 
     Finally, check if a page number has a next/prev page using
     has_next_page(page_number) and has_previous_page(page_number).
+    
+    Use orphans to avoid small final pages. For example:
+    13 records, num_per_page=10, orphans=2 --> pages==2, len(self.get_page(0))==10
+    12 records, num_per_page=10, orphans=2 --> pages==1, len(self.get_page(0))==12
     """
-    def __init__(self, query_set, num_per_page):
+    def __init__(self, query_set, num_per_page, orphans=0):
         self.query_set = query_set
         self.num_per_page = num_per_page
-        self._hits, self._pages = None, None
+        self.orphans = orphans
-        self._has_next = {} # Caches page_number -> has_next_boolean
+        self._hits = self._pages = None
 
-    def get_page(self, page_number):
+    def validate_page_number(self, page_number):
         try:
             page_number = int(page_number)
         except ValueError:
             raise InvalidPage
-        if page_number < 0:
+        if page_number < 0 or page_number > self.pages - 1:
             raise InvalidPage
+        return page_number
 
-        # Retrieve one extra record, and check for the existence of that extra
+    def get_page(self, page_number):
-        # record to determine whether there's a next page.
+        page_number = self.validate_page_number(page_number)
-        limit = self.num_per_page + 1
+        bottom = page_number * self.num_per_page
-        offset = page_number * self.num_per_page
+        top = bottom + self.num_per_page
-
+        if top + self.orphans >= self.hits:
-        object_list = list(self.query_set[offset:offset+limit])
+            top = self.hits
-
+        return self.query_set[bottom:top]
-        if not object_list:
-            raise InvalidPage
-
-        self._has_next[page_number] = (len(object_list) > self.num_per_page)
-        return object_list[:self.num_per_page]
 
     def has_next_page(self, page_number):
         "Does page $page_number have a 'next' page?"
-        if not self._has_next.has_key(page_number):
+        return page_number < self.pages - 1
-            if self._pages is None:
-                offset = (page_number + 1) * self.num_per_page
-                self._has_next[page_number] = len(self.query_set[offset:offset+1]) > 0
-            else:
-                self._has_next[page_number] = page_number < (self.pages - 1)
-        return self._has_next[page_number]
 
     def has_previous_page(self, page_number):
         return page_number > 0
@@ -58,8 +50,7 @@ class ObjectPaginator(object):
         Returns the 1-based index of the first object on the given page,
         relative to total objects found (hits).
         """
-        if page_number == 0:
+        page_number = self.validate_page_number(page_number)
-            return 1
         return (self.num_per_page * page_number) + 1
 
     def last_on_page(self, page_number):
@@ -67,20 +58,30 @@ class ObjectPaginator(object):
         Returns the 1-based index of the last object on the given page,
         relative to total objects found (hits).
         """
-        if page_number == 0 and self.num_per_page >= self._hits:
+        page_number = self.validate_page_number(page_number)
-            return self._hits
+        page_number += 1   # 1-base
-        elif page_number == (self._pages - 1) and (page_number + 1) * self.num_per_page > self._hits:
+        if page_number == self.pages:
-            return self._hits
+            return self.hits
-        return (page_number + 1) * self.num_per_page
+        return page_number * self.num_per_page
 
     def _get_hits(self):
         if self._hits is None:
-            self._hits = self.query_set.count()
+            # Try .count() or fall back to len().
+            try:
+                self._hits = int(self.query_set.count())
+            except (AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError):
+                # AttributeError if query_set has no object count.
+                # TypeError if query_set.count() required arguments.
+                # ValueError if int() fails.
+                self._hits = len(self.query_set)
         return self._hits
 
     def _get_pages(self):
         if self._pages is None:
-            self._pages = int(ceil(self.hits / float(self.num_per_page)))
+            hits = (self.hits - 1 - self.orphans)
+            if hits < 1:
+                hits = 0
+            self._pages = hits // self.num_per_page + 1
         return self._pages
 
     hits = property(_get_hits)

django/core/serializers/base.py

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ class Serializer(object):
         self.options = options
 
         self.stream = options.get("stream", StringIO())
+        self.selected_fields = options.get("fields")
 
         self.start_serialization()
         for obj in queryset:
@@ -36,11 +37,14 @@ class Serializer(object):
                 if field is obj._meta.pk:
                     continue
                 elif field.rel is None:
-                    self.handle_field(obj, field)
+                    if self.selected_fields is None or field.attname in self.selected_fields:
+                        self.handle_field(obj, field)
                 else:
-                    self.handle_fk_field(obj, field)
+                    if self.selected_fields is None or field.attname[:-3] in self.selected_fields:
+                        self.handle_fk_field(obj, field)
             for field in obj._meta.many_to_many:
-                self.handle_m2m_field(obj, field)
+                if self.selected_fields is None or field.attname in self.selected_fields:
+                    self.handle_m2m_field(obj, field)
             self.end_object(obj)
         self.end_serialization()
         return self.getvalue()

django/core/serializers/python.py

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def Deserializer(object_list, **options):
                 m2m_data[field.name] = field.rel.to._default_manager.in_bulk(field_value).values()
                 
             # Handle FK fields
-            elif field.rel and isinstance(field.rel, models.ManyToOneRel):
+            elif field.rel and isinstance(field.rel, models.ManyToOneRel) and field_value is not None:
                 try:
                     data[field.name] = field.rel.to._default_manager.get(pk=field_value)
                 except field.rel.to.DoesNotExist:

django/core/serializers/xml_serializer.py

@@ -166,7 +166,11 @@ class Deserializer(base.Deserializer):
         # If it doesn't exist, set the field to None (which might trigger 
         # validation error, but that's expected).
         RelatedModel = self._get_model_from_node(node, "to")
-        return RelatedModel.objects.get(pk=getInnerText(node).strip().encode(self.encoding))
+        # Check if there is a child node named 'None', returning None if so.
+        if len(node.childNodes) == 1 and node.childNodes[0].nodeName == 'None':
+            return None
+        else:
+            return RelatedModel.objects.get(pk=getInnerText(node).strip().encode(self.encoding))
         
     def _handle_m2m_field_node(self, node):
         """

django/core/servers/fastcgi.py

@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ Optional Fcgi settings: (setting=value)
   method=IMPL          prefork or threaded (default prefork)
   maxrequests=NUMBER   number of requests a child handles before it is 
                        killed and a new child is forked (0 = no limit).
-  maxspare=NUMBER      max number of spare processes to keep running.
+  maxspare=NUMBER      max number of spare processes / threads
-  minspare=NUMBER      min number of spare processes to prefork.
+  minspare=NUMBER      min number of spare processes / threads.
-  maxchildren=NUMBER   hard limit number of processes in prefork mode.
+  maxchildren=NUMBER   hard limit number of processes / threads
   daemonize=BOOL       whether to detach from terminal.
   pidfile=FILE         write the spawned process-id to this file.
   workdir=DIRECTORY    change to this directory when daemonizing
@@ -110,7 +110,11 @@ def runfastcgi(argset=[], **kwargs):
         }
     elif options['method'] in ('thread', 'threaded'):
         from flup.server.fcgi import WSGIServer
-        wsgi_opts = {}
+        wsgi_opts = {
+            'maxSpare': int(options["maxspare"]),
+            'minSpare': int(options["minspare"]),
+            'maxThreads': int(options["maxchildren"]),
+        }
     else:
         return fastcgi_help("ERROR: Implementation must be one of prefork or thread.")
 

django/core/urlresolvers.py

@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@ class NoReverseMatch(Exception):
 def get_mod_func(callback):
     # Converts 'django.views.news.stories.story_detail' to
     # ['django.views.news.stories', 'story_detail']
-    dot = callback.rindex('.')
+    try:
+        dot = callback.rindex('.')
+    except ValueError:
+        return callback, ''
     return callback[:dot], callback[dot+1:]
 
 def reverse_helper(regex, *args, **kwargs):

django/core/validators.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ validator will *always* be run, regardless of whether its associated
 form field is required.
 """
 
+import urllib2
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.utils.translation import gettext, gettext_lazy, ngettext
 from django.utils.functional import Promise, lazy
@@ -223,18 +224,26 @@ def isWellFormedXmlFragment(field_data, all_data):
     isWellFormedXml('<root>%s</root>' % field_data, all_data)
 
 def isExistingURL(field_data, all_data):
-    import urllib2
     try:
-        u = urllib2.urlopen(field_data)
+        headers = {
+            "Accept" : "text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5",
+            "Accept-Language" : "en-us,en;q=0.5",
+            "Accept-Charset": "ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7",
+            "Connection" : "close",
+            "User-Agent": settings.URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT
+            }
+        req = urllib2.Request(field_data,None, headers)
+        u = urllib2.urlopen(req)
     except ValueError:
-        raise ValidationError, gettext("Invalid URL: %s") % field_data
+        raise ValidationError, _("Invalid URL: %s") % field_data
     except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
         # 401s are valid; they just mean authorization is required.
-        if e.code not in ('401',):
+        # 301 and 302 are redirects; they just mean look somewhere else.
-            raise ValidationError, gettext("The URL %s is a broken link.") % field_data
+        if str(e.code) not in ('401','301','302'):
+            raise ValidationError, _("The URL %s is a broken link.") % field_data
     except: # urllib2.URLError, httplib.InvalidURL, etc.
-        raise ValidationError, gettext("The URL %s is a broken link.") % field_data
+        raise ValidationError, _("The URL %s is a broken link.") % field_data
-
+        
 def isValidUSState(field_data, all_data):
     "Checks that the given string is a valid two-letter U.S. state abbreviation"
     states = ['AA', 'AE', 'AK', 'AL', 'AP', 'AR', 'AS', 'AZ', 'CA', 'CO', 'CT', 'DC', 'DE', 'FL', 'FM', 'GA', 'GU', 'HI', 'IA', 'ID', 'IL', 'IN', 'KS', 'KY', 'LA', 'MA', 'MD', 'ME', 'MH', 'MI', 'MN', 'MO', 'MP', 'MS', 'MT', 'NC', 'ND', 'NE', 'NH', 'NJ', 'NM', 'NV', 'NY', 'OH', 'OK', 'OR', 'PA', 'PR', 'PW', 'RI', 'SC', 'SD', 'TN', 'TX', 'UT', 'VA', 'VI', 'VT', 'WA', 'WI', 'WV', 'WY']
@@ -344,6 +353,38 @@ class UniqueAmongstFieldsWithPrefix(object):
             if field_name != self.field_name and value == field_data:
                 raise ValidationError, self.error_message
 
+class NumberIsInRange(object):
+    """
+    Validator that tests if a value is in a range (inclusive).
+    """
+    def __init__(self, lower=None, upper=None, error_message=''):
+        self.lower, self.upper = lower, upper
+        if not error_message:
+            if lower and upper:
+                self.error_message = gettext("This value must be between %s and %s.") % (lower, upper)
+            elif lower:
+                self.error_message = gettext("This value must be at least %s.") % lower
+            elif upper:
+                self.error_message = gettext("This value must be no more than %s.") % upper
+        else:
+            self.error_message = error_message
+
+    def __call__(self, field_data, all_data):
+        # Try to make the value numeric. If this fails, we assume another 
+        # validator will catch the problem.
+        try:
+            val = float(field_data)
+        except ValueError:
+            return
+            
+        # Now validate
+        if self.lower and self.upper and (val < self.lower or val > self.upper):
+            raise ValidationError(self.error_message)
+        elif self.lower and val < self.lower:
+            raise ValidationError(self.error_message)
+        elif self.upper and val > self.upper:
+            raise ValidationError(self.error_message)
+
 class IsAPowerOf(object):
     """
     >>> v = IsAPowerOf(2)

django/db/__init__.py

@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ get_query_module = backend_module_accessor("query")
 get_client_module = backend_module_accessor("client")
 runshell = lambda: get_client_module().runshell()
 
-connection = backend.DatabaseWrapper()
+connection = backend.DatabaseWrapper(**settings.DATABASE_OPTIONS)
+
 DatabaseError = backend.DatabaseError
 
 # Register an event that closes the database connection

django/db/backends/ado_mssql/base.py

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ except ImportError:
     from django.utils._threading_local import local
 
 class DatabaseWrapper(local):
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.connection = None
         self.queries = []
 

django/db/backends/dummy/base.py

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ class DatabaseWrapper:
     _commit = complain
     _rollback = complain
 
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        pass
+
     def close(self):
         pass # close()
 

django/db/backends/mysql/base.py

@@ -65,10 +65,11 @@ except ImportError:
     from django.utils._threading_local import local
 
 class DatabaseWrapper(local):
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.connection = None
         self.queries = []
         self.server_version = None
+        self.options = kwargs
 
     def _valid_connection(self):
         if self.connection is not None:
@@ -95,6 +96,7 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(local):
                 kwargs['host'] = settings.DATABASE_HOST
             if settings.DATABASE_PORT:
                 kwargs['port'] = int(settings.DATABASE_PORT)
+            kwargs.update(self.options)
             self.connection = Database.connect(**kwargs)
         cursor = self.connection.cursor()
         if self.connection.get_server_info() >= '4.1':
@@ -180,6 +182,9 @@ def get_drop_foreignkey_sql():
 def get_pk_default_value():
     return "DEFAULT"
 
+def get_max_name_length():
+    return 64;
+
 OPERATOR_MAPPING = {
     'exact': '= %s',
     'iexact': 'LIKE %s',

django/db/backends/oracle/base.py

@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@ except ImportError:
     from django.utils._threading_local import local
 
 class DatabaseWrapper(local):
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.connection = None
         self.queries = []
+        self.options = kwargs
 
     def _valid_connection(self):
         return self.connection is not None
@@ -35,10 +36,10 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(local):
                 settings.DATABASE_HOST = 'localhost'
             if len(settings.DATABASE_PORT.strip()) != 0:
                 dsn = Database.makedsn(settings.DATABASE_HOST, int(settings.DATABASE_PORT), settings.DATABASE_NAME)
-                self.connection = Database.connect(settings.DATABASE_USER, settings.DATABASE_PASSWORD, dsn)
+                self.connection = Database.connect(settings.DATABASE_USER, settings.DATABASE_PASSWORD, dsn, **self.options)
             else:
                 conn_string = "%s/%s@%s" % (settings.DATABASE_USER, settings.DATABASE_PASSWORD, settings.DATABASE_NAME)
-                self.connection = Database.connect(conn_string)
+                self.connection = Database.connect(conn_string, **self.options)
         # set oracle date to ansi date format
         cursor = self.connection.cursor()
         cursor.execute("ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'")

django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py

@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@ except ImportError:
     from django.utils._threading_local import local
 
 class DatabaseWrapper(local):
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.connection = None
         self.queries = []
+        self.options = kwargs
 
     def cursor(self):
         from django.conf import settings
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(local):
                 conn_string += " host=%s" % settings.DATABASE_HOST
             if settings.DATABASE_PORT:
                 conn_string += " port=%s" % settings.DATABASE_PORT
-            self.connection = Database.connect(conn_string)
+            self.connection = Database.connect(conn_string, **self.options)
             self.connection.set_isolation_level(1) # make transactions transparent to all cursors
         cursor = self.connection.cursor()
         cursor.execute("SET TIME ZONE %s", [settings.TIME_ZONE])

django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py

@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@ except ImportError:
     from django.utils._threading_local import local
 
 class DatabaseWrapper(local):
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.connection = None
         self.queries = []
+        self.options = kwargs
 
     def cursor(self):
         from django.conf import settings
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(local):
                 conn_string += " host=%s" % settings.DATABASE_HOST
             if settings.DATABASE_PORT:
                 conn_string += " port=%s" % settings.DATABASE_PORT
-            self.connection = Database.connect(conn_string)
+            self.connection = Database.connect(conn_string, **self.options)
             self.connection.set_isolation_level(1) # make transactions transparent to all cursors
         cursor = self.connection.cursor()
         cursor.tzinfo_factory = None

django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py

@@ -42,16 +42,20 @@ except ImportError:
     from django.utils._threading_local import local
 
 class DatabaseWrapper(local):
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.connection = None
         self.queries = []
+        self.options = kwargs
 
     def cursor(self):
         from django.conf import settings
         if self.connection is None:
-            self.connection = Database.connect(settings.DATABASE_NAME,
+            kwargs = {
-                detect_types=Database.PARSE_DECLTYPES | Database.PARSE_COLNAMES)
+                'database': settings.DATABASE_NAME,
-
+                'detect_types': Database.PARSE_DECLTYPES | Database.PARSE_COLNAMES,
+            }
+            kwargs.update(self.options)
+            self.connection = Database.connect(**kwargs)
             # Register extract and date_trunc functions.
             self.connection.create_function("django_extract", 2, _sqlite_extract)
             self.connection.create_function("django_date_trunc", 2, _sqlite_date_trunc)

django/db/backends/util.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class CursorDebugWrapper(object):
             if not isinstance(params, (tuple, dict)):
                 params = tuple(params)
             self.db.queries.append({
-                'sql': sql % tuple(params),
+                'sql': sql % params,
                 'time': "%.3f" % (stop - start),
             })
 

django/db/models/fields/__init__.py

@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ class FileField(Field):
         # If the raw path is passed in, validate it's under the MEDIA_ROOT.
         def isWithinMediaRoot(field_data, all_data):
             f = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, field_data))
-            if not f.startswith(os.path.normpath(settings.MEDIA_ROOT)):
+            if not f.startswith(os.path.abspath(os.path.normpath(settings.MEDIA_ROOT))):
                 raise validators.ValidationError, _("Enter a valid filename.")
         field_list[1].validator_list.append(isWithinMediaRoot)
         return field_list

django/db/models/manipulators.py

@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ def manipulator_validator_unique_together(field_name_list, opts, self, field_dat
         # This is really not going to work for fields that have different
         # form fields, e.g. DateTime.
         # This validation needs to occur after html2python to be effective.
-        field_val = all_data.get(f.attname, None)
+        field_val = all_data.get(f.name, None)
         if field_val is None:
             # This will be caught by another validator, assuming the field
             # doesn't have blank=True.

django/db/models/query.py

@@ -170,7 +170,6 @@ class _QuerySet(object):
 
         cursor = connection.cursor()
         
-        full_query = None
         select, sql, params, full_query = self._get_sql_clause() 
         cursor.execute("SELECT " + (self._distinct and "DISTINCT " or "") + ",".join(select) + sql, params) 
 

django/forms/__init__.py

@@ -108,8 +108,13 @@ class FormWrapper(object):
     This allows dictionary-style lookups of formfields. It also handles feeding
     prepopulated data and validation error messages to the formfield objects.
     """
-    def __init__(self, manipulator, data, error_dict, edit_inline=True):
+    def __init__(self, manipulator, data=None, error_dict=None, edit_inline=True):
-        self.manipulator, self.data = manipulator, data
+        self.manipulator = manipulator
+        if data is None:
+            data = {}
+        if error_dict is None:
+            error_dict = {}
+        self.data = data
         self.error_dict = error_dict
         self._inline_collections = None
         self.edit_inline = edit_inline

django/newforms/__init__.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 Django validation and HTML form handling.
 
 TODO:
-    Validation not tied to a particular field
     Default value for field
     Field labels
     Nestable Forms
@@ -11,6 +10,7 @@ TODO:
     "This form field requires foo.js" and form.js_includes()
 """
 
+from util import ValidationError
 from widgets import *
 from fields import *
 from forms import Form

django/newforms/fields.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ __all__ = (
     'DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS', 'DateTimeField',
     'RegexField', 'EmailField', 'URLField', 'BooleanField',
     'ChoiceField', 'MultipleChoiceField',
+    'ComboField',
 )
 
 # These values, if given to to_python(), will trigger the self.required check.
@@ -34,9 +35,9 @@ class Field(object):
             widget = widget()
         self.widget = widget
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
         """
-        Validates the given value and returns its "normalized" value as an
+        Validates the given value and returns its "cleaned" value as an
         appropriate Python object.
 
         Raises ValidationError for any errors.
@@ -50,9 +51,9 @@ class CharField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
         self.max_length, self.min_length = max_length, min_length
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
         "Validates max_length and min_length. Returns a Unicode object."
-        Field.to_python(self, value)
+        Field.clean(self, value)
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES: value = u''
         if not isinstance(value, basestring):
             value = unicode(str(value), DEFAULT_ENCODING)
@@ -65,12 +66,12 @@ class CharField(Field):
         return value
 
 class IntegerField(Field):
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates that int() can be called on the input. Returns the result
         of int().
         """
-        super(IntegerField, self).to_python(value)
+        super(IntegerField, self).clean(value)
         try:
             return int(value)
         except (ValueError, TypeError):
@@ -89,12 +90,12 @@ class DateField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
         self.input_formats = input_formats or DEFAULT_DATE_INPUT_FORMATS
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates that the input can be converted to a date. Returns a Python
         datetime.date object.
         """
-        Field.to_python(self, value)
+        Field.clean(self, value)
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
             return None
         if isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
@@ -125,12 +126,12 @@ class DateTimeField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
         self.input_formats = input_formats or DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates that the input can be converted to a datetime. Returns a
         Python datetime.datetime object.
         """
-        Field.to_python(self, value)
+        Field.clean(self, value)
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
             return None
         if isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
@@ -157,12 +158,12 @@ class RegexField(Field):
         self.regex = regex
         self.error_message = error_message or u'Enter a valid value.'
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates that the input matches the regular expression. Returns a
         Unicode object.
         """
-        Field.to_python(self, value)
+        Field.clean(self, value)
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES: value = u''
         if not isinstance(value, basestring):
             value = unicode(str(value), DEFAULT_ENCODING)
@@ -187,17 +188,35 @@ url_re = re.compile(
     r'(?::\d+)?' # optional port
     r'(?:/?|/\S+)$', re.IGNORECASE)
 
+try:
+    from django.conf import settings
+    URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT = settings.URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT
+except ImportError:
+    # It's OK if Django settings aren't configured.
+    URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT = 'Django (http://www.djangoproject.com/)'
+
 class URLField(RegexField):
-    def __init__(self, required=True, verify_exists=False, widget=None):
+    def __init__(self, required=True, verify_exists=False, widget=None,
+            validator_user_agent=URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT):
         RegexField.__init__(self, url_re, u'Enter a valid URL.', required, widget)
         self.verify_exists = verify_exists
+        self.user_agent = validator_user_agent
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
-        value = RegexField.to_python(self, value)
+        value = RegexField.clean(self, value)
         if self.verify_exists:
             import urllib2
+            from django.conf import settings
+            headers = {
+                "Accept": "text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5",
+                "Accept-Language": "en-us,en;q=0.5",
+                "Accept-Charset": "ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7",
+                "Connection": "close",
+                "User-Agent": self.user_agent,
+            }
             try:
-                u = urllib2.urlopen(value)
+                req = urllib2.Request(value, None, headers)
+                u = urllib2.urlopen(req)
             except ValueError:
                 raise ValidationError(u'Enter a valid URL.')
             except: # urllib2.URLError, httplib.InvalidURL, etc.
@@ -207,9 +226,9 @@ class URLField(RegexField):
 class BooleanField(Field):
     widget = CheckboxInput
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
         "Returns a Python boolean object."
-        Field.to_python(self, value)
+        Field.clean(self, value)
         return bool(value)
 
 class ChoiceField(Field):
@@ -219,11 +238,11 @@ class ChoiceField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
         self.choices = choices
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates that the input is in self.choices.
         """
-        value = Field.to_python(self, value)
+        value = Field.clean(self, value)
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES: value = u''
         if not isinstance(value, basestring):
             value = unicode(str(value), DEFAULT_ENCODING)
@@ -238,7 +257,7 @@ class MultipleChoiceField(ChoiceField):
     def __init__(self, choices=(), required=True, widget=SelectMultiple):
         ChoiceField.__init__(self, choices, required, widget)
 
-    def to_python(self, value):
+    def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates that the input is a list or tuple.
         """
@@ -259,3 +278,18 @@ class MultipleChoiceField(ChoiceField):
             if val not in valid_values:
                 raise ValidationError(u'Select a valid choice. %s is not one of the available choices.' % val)
         return new_value
+
+class ComboField(Field):
+    def __init__(self, fields=(), required=True, widget=None):
+        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+        self.fields = fields
+
+    def clean(self, value):
+        """
+        Validates the given value against all of self.fields, which is a
+        list of Field instances.
+        """
+        Field.clean(self, value)
+        for field in self.fields:
+            value = field.clean(value)
+        return value

django/newforms/forms.py

@@ -6,6 +6,13 @@ from fields import Field
 from widgets import TextInput, Textarea
 from util import ErrorDict, ErrorList, ValidationError
 
+NON_FIELD_ERRORS = '__all__'
+
+def pretty_name(name):
+    "Converts 'first_name' to 'First name'"
+    name = name[0].upper() + name[1:]
+    return name.replace('_', ' ')
+
 class DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass(type):
     "Metaclass that converts Field attributes to a dictionary called 'fields'."
     def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
@@ -18,22 +25,33 @@ class Form(object):
 
     def __init__(self, data=None): # TODO: prefix stuff
         self.data = data or {}
-        self.__data_python = None # Stores the data after to_python() has been called.
+        self.clean_data = None # Stores the data after clean() has been called.
-        self.__errors = None # Stores the errors after to_python() has been called.
+        self.__errors = None # Stores the errors after clean() has been called.
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.as_table()
 
     def __iter__(self):
         for name, field in self.fields.items():
             yield BoundField(self, field, name)
 
-    def to_python(self):
+    def __getitem__(self, name):
+        "Returns a BoundField with the given name."
+        try:
+            field = self.fields[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise KeyError('Key %r not found in Form' % name)
+        return BoundField(self, field, name)
+
+    def clean(self):
         if self.__errors is None:
-            self._validate()
+            self.full_clean()
-        return self.__data_python
+        return self.clean_data
 
     def errors(self):
         "Returns an ErrorDict for self.data"
         if self.__errors is None:
-            self._validate()
+            self.full_clean()
         return self.__errors
 
     def is_valid(self):
@@ -44,27 +62,75 @@ class Form(object):
         """
         return not bool(self.errors())
 
-    def __getitem__(self, name):
+    def as_table(self):
-        "Returns a BoundField with the given name."
+        "Returns this form rendered as an HTML <table>."
-        try:
+        output = u'\n'.join(['<tr><td>%s:</td><td>%s</td></tr>' % (pretty_name(name), BoundField(self, field, name)) for name, field in self.fields.items()])
-            field = self.fields[name]
+        return '<table>\n%s\n</table>' % output
-        except KeyError:
-            raise KeyError('Key %r not found in Form' % name)
-        return BoundField(self, field, name)
 
-    def _validate(self):
+    def as_ul(self):
-        data_python = {}
+        "Returns this form rendered as an HTML <ul>."
+        output = u'\n'.join(['<li>%s: %s</li>' % (pretty_name(name), BoundField(self, field, name)) for name, field in self.fields.items()])
+        return '<ul>\n%s\n</ul>' % output
+
+    def as_table_with_errors(self):
+        "Returns this form rendered as an HTML <table>, with errors."
+        output = []
+        if self.errors().get(NON_FIELD_ERRORS):
+            # Errors not corresponding to a particular field are displayed at the top.
+            output.append('<tr><td colspan="2"><ul>%s</ul></td></tr>' % '\n'.join(['<li>%s</li>' % e for e in self.errors()[NON_FIELD_ERRORS]]))
+        for name, field in self.fields.items():
+            bf = BoundField(self, field, name)
+            if bf.errors:
+                output.append('<tr><td colspan="2"><ul>%s</ul></td></tr>' % '\n'.join(['<li>%s</li>' % e for e in bf.errors]))
+            output.append('<tr><td>%s:</td><td>%s</td></tr>' % (pretty_name(name), bf))
+        return '<table>\n%s\n</table>' % '\n'.join(output)
+
+    def as_ul_with_errors(self):
+        "Returns this form rendered as an HTML <ul>, with errors."
+        output = []
+        if self.errors().get(NON_FIELD_ERRORS):
+            # Errors not corresponding to a particular field are displayed at the top.
+            output.append('<li><ul>%s</ul></li>' % '\n'.join(['<li>%s</li>' % e for e in self.errors()[NON_FIELD_ERRORS]]))
+        for name, field in self.fields.items():
+            bf = BoundField(self, field, name)
+            line = '<li>'
+            if bf.errors:
+                line += '<ul>%s</ul>' % '\n'.join(['<li>%s</li>' % e for e in bf.errors])
+            line += '%s: %s</li>' % (pretty_name(name), bf)
+            output.append(line)
+        return '<ul>\n%s\n</ul>' % '\n'.join(output)
+
+    def full_clean(self):
+        """
+        Cleans all of self.data and populates self.__errors and self.clean_data.
+        """
+        self.clean_data = {}
         errors = ErrorDict()
         for name, field in self.fields.items():
+            value = self.data.get(name, None)
             try:
-                value = field.to_python(self.data.get(name, None))
+                value = field.clean(value)
-                data_python[name] = value
+                self.clean_data[name] = value
+                if hasattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name):
+                    value = getattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name)()
+                self.clean_data[name] = value
             except ValidationError, e:
                 errors[name] = e.messages
-        if not errors: # Only set self.data_python if there weren't errors.
+        try:
-            self.__data_python = data_python
+            self.clean_data = self.clean()
+        except ValidationError, e:
+            errors[NON_FIELD_ERRORS] = e.messages
+        if errors:
+            self.clean_data = None
         self.__errors = errors
 
+    def clean(self):
+        """
+        Hook for doing any extra form-wide cleaning after Field.clean() been
+        called on every field.
+        """
+        return self.clean_data
+
 class BoundField(object):
     "A Field plus data"
     def __init__(self, form, field, name):

django/template/__init__.py

@@ -868,8 +868,11 @@ class Library(object):
                     dict = func(*args)
 
                     if not getattr(self, 'nodelist', False):
-                        from django.template.loader import get_template
+                        from django.template.loader import get_template, select_template
-                        t = get_template(file_name)
+                        if hasattr(file_name, '__iter__'):
+                            t = select_template(file_name)
+                        else:
+                            t = get_template(file_name)
                         self.nodelist = t.nodelist
                     return self.nodelist.render(context_class(dict))
 

django/template/defaultfilters.py

@@ -421,7 +421,11 @@ def filesizeformat(bytes):
     Format the value like a 'human-readable' file size (i.e. 13 KB, 4.1 MB, 102
     bytes, etc).
     """
-    bytes = float(bytes)
+    try:
+        bytes = float(bytes)
+    except TypeError:
+        return "0 bytes"
+        
     if bytes < 1024:
         return "%d byte%s" % (bytes, bytes != 1 and 's' or '')
     if bytes < 1024 * 1024:

django/template/defaulttags.py

@@ -124,17 +124,27 @@ class ForNode(Node):
         return nodelist.render(context)
 
 class IfChangedNode(Node):
-    def __init__(self, nodelist):
+    def __init__(self, nodelist, *varlist):
         self.nodelist = nodelist
         self._last_seen = None
+        self._varlist = varlist
 
     def render(self, context):
         if context.has_key('forloop') and context['forloop']['first']:
             self._last_seen = None
-        content = self.nodelist.render(context)
+        try:
-        if content != self._last_seen:
+            if self._varlist:
+                # Consider multiple parameters.
+                # This automatically behaves like a OR evaluation of the multiple variables.
+                compare_to = [resolve_variable(var, context) for var in self._varlist]
+            else:
+                compare_to = self.nodelist.render(context)
+        except VariableDoesNotExist:
+            compare_to = None        
+
+        if  compare_to != self._last_seen:
             firstloop = (self._last_seen == None)
-            self._last_seen = content
+            self._last_seen = compare_to
             context.push()
             context['ifchanged'] = {'firstloop': firstloop}
             content = self.nodelist.render(context)
@@ -634,23 +644,34 @@ def ifchanged(parser, token):
     """
     Check if a value has changed from the last iteration of a loop.
 
-    The 'ifchanged' block tag is used within a loop. It checks its own rendered
+    The 'ifchanged' block tag is used within a loop. It has two possible uses.
-    contents against its previous state and only displays its content if the
-    value has changed::
 
-        <h1>Archive for {{ year }}</h1>
+    1. Checks its own rendered contents against its previous state and only
+       displays the content if it has changed. For example, this displays a list of
+       days, only displaying the month if it changes::
 
-        {% for date in days %}
+            <h1>Archive for {{ year }}</h1>
-        {% ifchanged %}<h3>{{ date|date:"F" }}</h3>{% endifchanged %}
+
-        <a href="{{ date|date:"M/d"|lower }}/">{{ date|date:"j" }}</a>
+            {% for date in days %}
-        {% endfor %}
+                {% ifchanged %}<h3>{{ date|date:"F" }}</h3>{% endifchanged %}
+                <a href="{{ date|date:"M/d"|lower }}/">{{ date|date:"j" }}</a>
+            {% endfor %}
+
+    2. If given a variable, check whether that variable has changed. For example, the
+       following shows the date every time it changes, but only shows the hour if both
+       the hour and the date have changed::
+
+            {% for date in days %}
+                {% ifchanged date.date %} {{ date.date }} {% endifchanged %}
+                {% ifchanged date.hour date.date %}
+                    {{ date.hour }}
+                {% endifchanged %}
+            {% endfor %}
     """
     bits = token.contents.split()
-    if len(bits) != 1:
-        raise TemplateSyntaxError, "'ifchanged' tag takes no arguments"
     nodelist = parser.parse(('endifchanged',))
     parser.delete_first_token()
-    return IfChangedNode(nodelist)
+    return IfChangedNode(nodelist, *bits[1:])
 ifchanged = register.tag(ifchanged)
 
 #@register.tag

docs/forms.txt

@@ -610,6 +610,15 @@ fails. If no message is passed in, a default message is used.
     string "123" is less than the string "2", for example. If you don't want
     string comparison here, you will need to write your own validator.
 
+``NumberIsInRange``
+    Takes two boundary numbers, ``lower`` and ``upper``, and checks that the
+    field is greater than ``lower`` (if given) and less than ``upper`` (if
+    given).  
+    
+    Both checks are inclusive. That is, ``NumberIsInRange(10, 20)`` will allow
+    values of both 10 and 20. This validator only checks numeric values
+    (e.g., float and integer values).
+
 ``IsAPowerOf``
     Takes an integer argument and when called as a validator, checks that the
     field being validated is a power of the integer.

docs/settings.txt

@@ -265,6 +265,14 @@ Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
 The name of the database to use. For SQLite, it's the full path to the database
 file.
 
+DATABASE_OPTIONS
+----------------
+
+Default: ``{}`` (Empty dictionary)
+
+Extra parameters to use when connecting to the database. Consult backend
+module's document for available keywords.
+
 DATABASE_PASSWORD
 -----------------
 
@@ -814,6 +822,16 @@ manual configuration option (see below), Django will *not* touch the ``TZ``
 environment variable, and it'll be up to you to ensure your processes are
 running in the correct environment.
 
+URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT
+------------------------
+
+Default: ``Django/<version> (http://www.djangoproject.com/)``
+
+The string to use as the ``User-Agent`` header when checking to see if URLs
+exist (see the ``verify_exists`` option on URLField_).
+
+.. URLField: ../model_api/#urlfield
+
 USE_ETAGS
 ---------
 

docs/syndication_feeds.txt

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ latest five news items::
     from django.contrib.syndication.feeds import Feed
     from chicagocrime.models import NewsItem
 
-    class SiteNewsFeed(Feed):
+    class LatestEntries(Feed):
         title = "Chicagocrime.org site news"
         link = "/sitenews/"
         description = "Updates on changes and additions to chicagocrime.org."
@@ -120,14 +120,14 @@ One thing's left to do. In an RSS feed, each ``<item>`` has a ``<title>``,
 put into those elements.
 
     * To specify the contents of ``<title>`` and ``<description>``, create
-      `Django templates`_ called ``feeds/sitenews_title.html`` and
+      `Django templates`_ called ``feeds/latest_title.html`` and
-      ``feeds/sitenews_description.html``, where ``sitenews`` is the ``slug``
+      ``feeds/latest_description.html``, where ``latest`` is the ``slug``
       specified in the URLconf for the given feed. Note the ``.html`` extension
       is required. The RSS system renders that template for each item, passing
       it two template context variables:
 
           * ``{{ obj }}`` -- The current object (one of whichever objects you
-            returned in ``items()``).
+            returned in ``items()``). 
           * ``{{ site }}`` -- A ``django.models.core.sites.Site`` object
             representing the current site. This is useful for
             ``{{ site.domain }}`` or ``{{ site.name }}``.
@@ -145,6 +145,16 @@ put into those elements.
       Both ``get_absolute_url()`` and ``item_link()`` should return the item's
       URL as a normal Python string.
 
+    * For the LatestEntries example above, we could have very simple feed templates:
+
+          * latest_title.html::
+
+             {{ obj.title }}
+
+          * latest_description.html::
+
+             {{ obj.description }}
+
 .. _chicagocrime.org: http://www.chicagocrime.org/
 .. _object-relational mapper: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/db_api/
 .. _Django templates: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/

docs/templates.txt

@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ block are output::
 In the above, if ``athlete_list`` is not empty, the number of athletes will be
 displayed by the ``{{ athlete_list|length }}`` variable.
 
-As you can see, the ``if`` tag can take an option ``{% else %}`` clause that
+As you can see, the ``if`` tag can take an optional ``{% else %}`` clause that
 will be displayed if the test fails.
 
 ``if`` tags may use ``and``, ``or`` or ``not`` to test a number of variables or
@@ -525,16 +525,29 @@ ifchanged
 
 Check if a value has changed from the last iteration of a loop.
 
-The ``ifchanged`` block tag is used within a loop. It checks its own rendered
+The 'ifchanged' block tag is used within a loop. It has two possible uses.
-contents against its previous state and only displays its content if the value
-has changed::
 
-    <h1>Archive for {{ year }}</h1>
+1. Checks its own rendered contents against its previous state and only
+   displays the content if it has changed. For example, this displays a list of
+   days, only displaying the month if it changes::
 
-    {% for day in days %}
+        <h1>Archive for {{ year }}</h1>
-    {% ifchanged %}<h3>{{ day|date:"F" }}</h3>{% endifchanged %}
+
-    <a href="{{ day|date:"M/d"|lower }}/">{{ day|date:"j" }}</a>
+        {% for date in days %}
-    {% endfor %}
+            {% ifchanged %}<h3>{{ date|date:"F" }}</h3>{% endifchanged %}
+            <a href="{{ date|date:"M/d"|lower }}/">{{ date|date:"j" }}</a>
+        {% endfor %}
+
+2. **New in Django development version.** If given a variable, check whether that
+   variable has changed. For example, the following shows the date every time it
+   changes, but only shows the hour if both the hour and the date has changed::
+
+        {% for date in days %}
+            {% ifchanged date.date %} {{ date.date }} {% endifchanged %}
+            {% ifchanged date.hour date.date %}
+                {{ date.hour }}
+            {% endifchanged %}
+        {% endfor %}
 
 ifequal
 ~~~~~~~
@@ -558,7 +571,7 @@ The arguments can be hard-coded strings, so the following is valid::
 It is only possible to compare an argument to template variables or strings.
 You cannot check for equality with Python objects such as ``True`` or
 ``False``.  If you need to test if something is true or false, use the ``if``
-and ``ifnot`` tags instead.
+tag instead.
 
 ifnotequal
 ~~~~~~~~~~

docs/templates_python.txt

@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ Note::
 
         def some_view(request):
             # ...
-            return render_to_response('my_template'html',
+            return render_to_response('my_template.html',
                                       my_data_dictionary,
                                       context_instance=RequestContext(request))
 

docs/testing.txt

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ used to validate that code behaves as expected. When refactoring or
 modifying code, tests serve as a guide to ensure that behavior hasn't
 changed unexpectedly as a result of the refactor.
 
-Testing an web application is a complex task, as there are many
+Testing a web application is a complex task, as there are many
 components of a web application that must be validated and tested. To
 help you test your application, Django provides a test execution
 framework, and range of utilities that can be used to stimulate and

tests/modeltests/pagination/models.py

@@ -64,4 +64,17 @@ True
 >>> paginator.last_on_page(1)
 9
 
+# Add a few more records to test out the orphans feature.
+>>> for x in range(10, 13):
+...     Article(headline="Article %s" % x, pub_date=datetime(2006, 10, 6)).save()
+
+# With orphans set to 3 and 10 items per page, we should get all 12 items on a single page:
+>>> paginator = ObjectPaginator(Article.objects.all(), 10, orphans=3)
+>>> paginator.pages
+1
+
+# With orphans only set to 1, we should get two pages:
+>>> paginator = ObjectPaginator(Article.objects.all(), 10, orphans=1)
+>>> paginator.pages
+2
 """}

tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py

@@ -343,63 +343,63 @@ If 'choices' is passed to both the constructor and render(), then they'll both b
 # CharField ###################################################################
 
 >>> f = CharField(required=False)
->>> f.to_python(1)
+>>> f.clean(1)
 u'1'
->>> f.to_python('hello')
+>>> f.clean('hello')
 u'hello'
->>> f.to_python(None)
+>>> f.clean(None)
 u''
->>> f.to_python([1, 2, 3])
+>>> f.clean([1, 2, 3])
 u'[1, 2, 3]'
 
 CharField accepts an optional max_length parameter:
 >>> f = CharField(max_length=10, required=False)
->>> f.to_python('')
+>>> f.clean('')
 u''
->>> f.to_python('12345')
+>>> f.clean('12345')
 u'12345'
->>> f.to_python('1234567890')
+>>> f.clean('1234567890')
 u'1234567890'
->>> f.to_python('1234567890a')
+>>> f.clean('1234567890a')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at most 10 characters.']
 
 CharField accepts an optional min_length parameter:
 >>> f = CharField(min_length=10, required=False)
->>> f.to_python('')
+>>> f.clean('')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at least 10 characters.']
->>> f.to_python('12345')
+>>> f.clean('12345')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at least 10 characters.']
->>> f.to_python('1234567890')
+>>> f.clean('1234567890')
 u'1234567890'
->>> f.to_python('1234567890a')
+>>> f.clean('1234567890a')
 u'1234567890a'
 
 # IntegerField ################################################################
 
 >>> f = IntegerField()
->>> f.to_python('1')
+>>> f.clean('1')
 1
->>> isinstance(f.to_python('1'), int)
+>>> isinstance(f.clean('1'), int)
 True
->>> f.to_python('23')
+>>> f.clean('23')
 23
->>> f.to_python('a')
+>>> f.clean('a')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a whole number.']
->>> f.to_python('1 ')
+>>> f.clean('1 ')
 1
->>> f.to_python(' 1')
+>>> f.clean(' 1')
 1
->>> f.to_python(' 1 ')
+>>> f.clean(' 1 ')
 1
->>> f.to_python('1a')
+>>> f.clean('1a')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a whole number.']
@@ -408,75 +408,75 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a whole number.']
 
 >>> import datetime
 >>> f = DateField()
->>> f.to_python(datetime.date(2006, 10, 25))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.date(2006, 10, 25))
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30))
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59))
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59, 200))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59, 200))
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('2006-10-25')
+>>> f.clean('2006-10-25')
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/2006')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/2006')
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/06')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/06')
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('Oct 25 2006')
+>>> f.clean('Oct 25 2006')
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('October 25 2006')
+>>> f.clean('October 25 2006')
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('October 25, 2006')
+>>> f.clean('October 25, 2006')
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('25 October 2006')
+>>> f.clean('25 October 2006')
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('25 October, 2006')
+>>> f.clean('25 October, 2006')
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('2006-4-31')
+>>> f.clean('2006-4-31')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
->>> f.to_python('200a-10-25')
+>>> f.clean('200a-10-25')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
->>> f.to_python('25/10/06')
+>>> f.clean('25/10/06')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
->>> f.to_python(None)
+>>> f.clean(None)
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
 
 >>> f = DateField(required=False)
->>> f.to_python(None)
+>>> f.clean(None)
->>> repr(f.to_python(None))
+>>> repr(f.clean(None))
 'None'
->>> f.to_python('')
+>>> f.clean('')
->>> repr(f.to_python(''))
+>>> repr(f.clean(''))
 'None'
 
 DateField accepts an optional input_formats parameter:
 >>> f = DateField(input_formats=['%Y %m %d'])
->>> f.to_python(datetime.date(2006, 10, 25))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.date(2006, 10, 25))
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30))
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
->>> f.to_python('2006 10 25')
+>>> f.clean('2006 10 25')
 datetime.date(2006, 10, 25)
 
 The input_formats parameter overrides all default input formats,
 so the default formats won't work unless you specify them:
->>> f.to_python('2006-10-25')
+>>> f.clean('2006-10-25')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
->>> f.to_python('10/25/2006')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/2006')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
->>> f.to_python('10/25/06')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/06')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
@@ -485,63 +485,63 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
 
 >>> import datetime
 >>> f = DateTimeField()
->>> f.to_python(datetime.date(2006, 10, 25))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.date(2006, 10, 25))
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 0, 0)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30))
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59))
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59, 200))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59, 200))
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59, 200)
->>> f.to_python('2006-10-25 14:30:45')
+>>> f.clean('2006-10-25 14:30:45')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 45)
->>> f.to_python('2006-10-25 14:30:00')
+>>> f.clean('2006-10-25 14:30:00')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30)
->>> f.to_python('2006-10-25 14:30')
+>>> f.clean('2006-10-25 14:30')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30)
->>> f.to_python('2006-10-25')
+>>> f.clean('2006-10-25')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 0, 0)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/2006 14:30:45')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/2006 14:30:45')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 45)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/2006 14:30:00')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/2006 14:30:00')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/2006 14:30')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/2006 14:30')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/2006')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/2006')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 0, 0)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/06 14:30:45')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/06 14:30:45')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 45)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/06 14:30:00')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/06 14:30:00')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/06 14:30')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/06 14:30')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30)
->>> f.to_python('10/25/06')
+>>> f.clean('10/25/06')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 0, 0)
->>> f.to_python('hello')
+>>> f.clean('hello')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date/time.']
->>> f.to_python('2006-10-25 4:30 p.m.')
+>>> f.clean('2006-10-25 4:30 p.m.')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date/time.']
 
 DateField accepts an optional input_formats parameter:
 >>> f = DateTimeField(input_formats=['%Y %m %d %I:%M %p'])
->>> f.to_python(datetime.date(2006, 10, 25))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.date(2006, 10, 25))
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 0, 0)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30))
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59))
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59)
->>> f.to_python(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59, 200))
+>>> f.clean(datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59, 200))
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30, 59, 200)
->>> f.to_python('2006 10 25 2:30 PM')
+>>> f.clean('2006 10 25 2:30 PM')
 datetime.datetime(2006, 10, 25, 14, 30)
 
 The input_formats parameter overrides all default input formats,
 so the default formats won't work unless you specify them:
->>> f.to_python('2006-10-25 14:30:45')
+>>> f.clean('2006-10-25 14:30:45')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date/time.']
@@ -549,51 +549,51 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date/time.']
 # RegexField ##################################################################
 
 >>> f = RegexField('^\d[A-F]\d$')
->>> f.to_python('2A2')
+>>> f.clean('2A2')
 u'2A2'
->>> f.to_python('3F3')
+>>> f.clean('3F3')
 u'3F3'
->>> f.to_python('3G3')
+>>> f.clean('3G3')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
->>> f.to_python(' 2A2')
+>>> f.clean(' 2A2')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
->>> f.to_python('2A2 ')
+>>> f.clean('2A2 ')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
 
 Alternatively, RegexField can take a compiled regular expression:
 >>> f = RegexField(re.compile('^\d[A-F]\d$'))
->>> f.to_python('2A2')
+>>> f.clean('2A2')
 u'2A2'
->>> f.to_python('3F3')
+>>> f.clean('3F3')
 u'3F3'
->>> f.to_python('3G3')
+>>> f.clean('3G3')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
->>> f.to_python(' 2A2')
+>>> f.clean(' 2A2')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
->>> f.to_python('2A2 ')
+>>> f.clean('2A2 ')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
 
 RegexField takes an optional error_message argument:
 >>> f = RegexField('^\d\d\d\d$', 'Enter a four-digit number.')
->>> f.to_python('1234')
+>>> f.clean('1234')
 u'1234'
->>> f.to_python('123')
+>>> f.clean('123')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a four-digit number.']
->>> f.to_python('abcd')
+>>> f.clean('abcd')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a four-digit number.']
@@ -601,17 +601,17 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a four-digit number.']
 # EmailField ##################################################################
 
 >>> f = EmailField()
->>> f.to_python('person@example.com')
+>>> f.clean('person@example.com')
 u'person@example.com'
->>> f.to_python('foo')
+>>> f.clean('foo')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
->>> f.to_python('foo@')
+>>> f.clean('foo@')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
->>> f.to_python('foo@bar')
+>>> f.clean('foo@bar')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
@@ -619,31 +619,31 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
 # URLField ##################################################################
 
 >>> f = URLField()
->>> f.to_python('http://example.com')
+>>> f.clean('http://example.com')
 u'http://example.com'
->>> f.to_python('http://www.example.com')
+>>> f.clean('http://www.example.com')
 u'http://www.example.com'
->>> f.to_python('foo')
+>>> f.clean('foo')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
->>> f.to_python('example.com')
+>>> f.clean('example.com')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
->>> f.to_python('http://')
+>>> f.clean('http://')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
->>> f.to_python('http://example')
+>>> f.clean('http://example')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
->>> f.to_python('http://example.')
+>>> f.clean('http://example.')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
->>> f.to_python('http://.com')
+>>> f.clean('http://.com')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
@@ -651,17 +651,17 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
 URLField takes an optional verify_exists parameter, which is False by default.
 This verifies that the URL is live on the Internet and doesn't return a 404 or 500:
 >>> f = URLField(verify_exists=True)
->>> f.to_python('http://www.google.com')
+>>> f.clean('http://www.google.com') # This will fail if there's no Internet connection
 u'http://www.google.com'
->>> f.to_python('http://example')
+>>> f.clean('http://example')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
->>> f.to_python('http://www.jfoiwjfoi23jfoijoaijfoiwjofiwjefewl.com') # bad domain
+>>> f.clean('http://www.jfoiwjfoi23jfoijoaijfoiwjofiwjefewl.com') # bad domain
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'This URL appears to be a broken link.']
->>> f.to_python('http://google.com/we-love-microsoft.html') # good domain, bad page
+>>> f.clean('http://google.com/we-love-microsoft.html') # good domain, bad page
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'This URL appears to be a broken link.']
@@ -669,41 +669,41 @@ ValidationError: [u'This URL appears to be a broken link.']
 # BooleanField ################################################################
 
 >>> f = BooleanField()
->>> f.to_python(True)
+>>> f.clean(True)
 True
->>> f.to_python(False)
+>>> f.clean(False)
 False
->>> f.to_python(1)
+>>> f.clean(1)
 True
->>> f.to_python(0)
+>>> f.clean(0)
 False
->>> f.to_python('Django rocks')
+>>> f.clean('Django rocks')
 True
 
 # ChoiceField #################################################################
 
 >>> f = ChoiceField(choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2')])
->>> f.to_python(1)
+>>> f.clean(1)
 u'1'
->>> f.to_python('1')
+>>> f.clean('1')
 u'1'
->>> f.to_python(None)
+>>> f.clean(None)
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
->>> f.to_python('')
+>>> f.clean('')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
->>> f.to_python('3')
+>>> f.clean('3')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Select a valid choice. 3 is not one of the available choices.']
 
 >>> f = ChoiceField(choices=[('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul')])
->>> f.to_python('J')
+>>> f.clean('J')
 u'J'
->>> f.to_python('John')
+>>> f.clean('John')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Select a valid choice. John is not one of the available choices.']
@@ -711,39 +711,98 @@ ValidationError: [u'Select a valid choice. John is not one of the available choi
 # MultipleChoiceField #########################################################
 
 >>> f = MultipleChoiceField(choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2')])
->>> f.to_python([1])
+>>> f.clean([1])
 [u'1']
->>> f.to_python(['1'])
+>>> f.clean(['1'])
 [u'1']
->>> f.to_python(['1', '2'])
+>>> f.clean(['1', '2'])
 [u'1', u'2']
->>> f.to_python([1, '2'])
+>>> f.clean([1, '2'])
 [u'1', u'2']
->>> f.to_python((1, '2'))
+>>> f.clean((1, '2'))
 [u'1', u'2']
->>> f.to_python('hello')
+>>> f.clean('hello')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a list of values.']
->>> f.to_python([])
+>>> f.clean([])
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
->>> f.to_python(())
+>>> f.clean(())
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
->>> f.to_python(['3'])
+>>> f.clean(['3'])
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Select a valid choice. 3 is not one of the available choices.']
 
+# ComboField ##################################################################
+
+ComboField takes a list of fields that should be used to validate a value,
+in that order:
+>>> f = ComboField(fields=[CharField(max_length=20), EmailField()])
+>>> f.clean('test@example.com')
+u'test@example.com'
+>>> f.clean('longemailaddress@example.com')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at most 20 characters.']
+>>> f.clean('not an e-mail')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+
 # Form ########################################################################
 
 >>> class Person(Form):
 ...     first_name = CharField()
 ...     last_name = CharField()
 ...     birthday = DateField()
+>>> p = Person()
+>>> print p
+<table>
+<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+</table>
+>>> print p.as_table()
+<table>
+<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+</table>
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<ul>
+<li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></li>
+<li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></li>
+<li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></li>
+</ul>
+>>> print p.as_table_with_errors()
+<table>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+</table>
+>>> print p.as_ul_with_errors()
+<ul>
+<li><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></li>
+<li><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></li>
+<li><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></li>
+</ul>
+
 >>> p = Person({'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': u'1940-10-9'})
 >>> p.errors()
 {}
@@ -753,7 +812,7 @@ True
 u''
 >>> p.errors().as_text()
 u''
->>> p.to_python()
+>>> p.clean()
 {'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
 >>> print p['first_name']
 <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" />
@@ -766,6 +825,12 @@ u''
 <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" />
 <input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" />
 <input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" />
+>>> print p
+<table>
+<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /></td></tr>
+</table>
 
 >>> p = Person({'last_name': u'Lennon'})
 >>> p.errors()
@@ -779,8 +844,8 @@ u'<ul class="errorlist"><li>first_name<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is re
   * This field is required.
 * birthday
   * This field is required.
->>> p.to_python()
+>>> p.clean()
->>> repr(p.to_python())
+>>> repr(p.clean())
 'None'
 >>> p['first_name'].errors
 [u'This field is required.']
@@ -887,6 +952,84 @@ MultipleChoiceField is a special case, as its data is required to be a list:
 <option value="J">John Lennon</option>
 <option value="P" selected="selected">Paul McCartney</option>
 </select>
+
+There are a couple of ways to do multiple-field validation. If you want the
+validation message to be associated with a particular field, implement the
+clean_XXX() method on the Form, where XXX is the field name. As in
+Field.clean(), the clean_XXX() method should return the cleaned value:
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10)
+...    password1 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    password2 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    def clean_password2(self):
+...        if self.clean_data.get('password1') and self.clean_data.get('password2') and self.clean_data['password1'] != self.clean_data['password2']:
+...            raise ValidationError(u'Please make sure your passwords match.')
+...        return self.clean_data['password2']
+>>> f = UserRegistration()
+>>> f.errors()
+{'username': [u'This field is required.'], 'password1': [u'This field is required.'], 'password2': [u'This field is required.']}
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'})
+>>> f.errors()
+{'password2': [u'Please make sure your passwords match.']}
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'})
+>>> f.errors()
+{}
+>>> f.clean()
+{'username': u'adrian', 'password1': u'foo', 'password2': u'foo'}
+
+Another way of doing multiple-field validation is by implementing the
+Form's clean() method. If you do this, any ValidationError raised by that
+method will not be associated with a particular field; it will have a
+special-case association with the field named '__all__'. Note that
+Form.clean() still needs to return a dictionary of all clean data:
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10)
+...    password1 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    password2 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    def clean(self):
+...        if self.clean_data.get('password1') and self.clean_data.get('password2') and self.clean_data['password1'] != self.clean_data['password2']:
+...            raise ValidationError(u'Please make sure your passwords match.')
+...        return self.clean_data
+>>> f = UserRegistration()
+>>> print f.as_table()
+<table>
+<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" /></td></tr>
+</table>
+>>> f.errors()
+{'username': [u'This field is required.'], 'password1': [u'This field is required.'], 'password2': [u'This field is required.']}
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'})
+>>> f.errors()
+{'__all__': [u'Please make sure your passwords match.']}
+>>> print f.as_table()
+<table>
+<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
+</table>
+>>> print f.as_table_with_errors()
+<table>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
+</table>
+>>> print f.as_ul_with_errors()
+<ul>
+<li><ul><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></li>
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" /></li>
+<li>Password1: <input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></li>
+<li>Password2: <input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></li>
+</ul>
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'})
+>>> f.errors()
+{}
+>>> f.clean()
+{'username': u'adrian', 'password1': u'foo', 'password2': u'foo'}
+
+
+
 """
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

tests/regressiontests/templates/tests.py

@@ -328,6 +328,21 @@ class Templates(unittest.TestCase):
             'ifchanged05': ('{% for n in num %}{% ifchanged %}{{ n }}{% endifchanged %}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged %}{{ x }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1, 1, 1), 'numx': (1, 2, 3)}, '1123123123'),
             'ifchanged06': ('{% for n in num %}{% ifchanged %}{{ n }}{% endifchanged %}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged %}{{ x }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1, 1, 1), 'numx': (2, 2, 2)}, '1222'),
             'ifchanged07': ('{% for n in num %}{% ifchanged %}{{ n }}{% endifchanged %}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged %}{{ x }}{% endifchanged %}{% for y in numy %}{% ifchanged %}{{ y }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1, 1, 1), 'numx': (2, 2, 2), 'numy': (3, 3, 3)}, '1233323332333'),
+            
+            # Test one parameter given to ifchanged.
+            'ifchanged-param01': ('{% for n in num %}{% ifchanged n %}..{% endifchanged %}{{ n }}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1,2,3) }, '..1..2..3'),
+            'ifchanged-param02': ('{% for n in num %}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged n %}..{% endifchanged %}{{ x }}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1,2,3), 'numx': (5,6,7) }, '..567..567..567'),
+            
+            # Test multiple parameters to ifchanged.
+            'ifchanged-param03': ('{% for n in num %}{{ n }}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged x n %}{{ x }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1,1,2), 'numx': (5,6,6) }, '156156256'),
+            
+            # Test a date+hour like construct, where the hour of the last day
+            # is the same but the date had changed, so print the hour anyway.
+            'ifchanged-param04': ('{% for d in days %}{% ifchanged %}{{ d.day }}{% endifchanged %}{% for h in d.hours %}{% ifchanged d h %}{{ h }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', {'days':[{'day':1, 'hours':[1,2,3]},{'day':2, 'hours':[3]},] }, '112323'),
+            
+            # Logically the same as above, just written with explicit
+            # ifchanged for the day.
+            'ifchanged-param04': ('{% for d in days %}{% ifchanged d.day %}{{ d.day }}{% endifchanged %}{% for h in d.hours %}{% ifchanged d.day h %}{{ h }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', {'days':[{'day':1, 'hours':[1,2,3]},{'day':2, 'hours':[3]},] }, '112323'),
 
             ### IFEQUAL TAG ###########################################################
             'ifequal01': ("{% ifequal a b %}yes{% endifequal %}", {"a": 1, "b": 2}, ""),