2022-08-03 08:26:00 +00:00
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========================
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Django 4.1 release notes
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========================
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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2022-08-03 08:26:00 +00:00
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*August 3, 2022*
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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Welcome to Django 4.1!
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These release notes cover the :ref:`new features <whats-new-4.1>`, as well as
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some :ref:`backwards incompatible changes <backwards-incompatible-4.1>` you'll
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want to be aware of when upgrading from Django 4.0 or earlier. We've
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:ref:`begun the deprecation process for some features
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<deprecated-features-4.1>`.
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See the :doc:`/howto/upgrade-version` guide if you're updating an existing
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project.
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Python compatibility
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====================
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2022-10-26 18:10:33 +00:00
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Django 4.1 supports Python 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, and 3.11 (as of 4.1.3). We
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**highly recommend** and only officially support the latest release of each
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series.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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.. _whats-new-4.1:
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What's new in Django 4.1
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========================
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2022-04-07 05:05:59 +00:00
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Asynchronous handlers for class-based views
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-------------------------------------------
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View subclasses may now define async HTTP method handlers::
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import asyncio
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from django.http import HttpResponse
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from django.views import View
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2023-02-28 19:53:28 +00:00
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2022-04-07 05:05:59 +00:00
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class AsyncView(View):
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async def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
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# Perform view logic using await.
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await asyncio.sleep(1)
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return HttpResponse("Hello async world!")
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See :ref:`async-class-based-views` for more details.
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2021-09-08 16:01:53 +00:00
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Asynchronous ORM interface
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--------------------------
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``QuerySet`` now provides an asynchronous interface for all data access
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operations. These are named as-per the existing synchronous operations but with
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an ``a`` prefix, for example ``acreate()``, ``aget()``, and so on.
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The new interface allows you to write asynchronous code without needing to wrap
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ORM operations in ``sync_to_async()``::
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async for author in Author.objects.filter(name__startswith="A"):
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book = await author.books.afirst()
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Note that, at this stage, the underlying database operations remain
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synchronous, with contributions ongoing to push asynchronous support down into
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the SQL compiler, and integrate asynchronous database drivers. The new
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asynchronous queryset interface currently encapsulates the necessary
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``sync_to_async()`` operations for you, and will allow your code to take
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advantage of developments in the ORM's asynchronous support as it evolves.
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See :ref:`async-queries` for details and limitations.
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2022-01-31 15:04:13 +00:00
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Validation of Constraints
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-------------------------
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:class:`Check <django.db.models.CheckConstraint>`,
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:class:`unique <django.db.models.UniqueConstraint>`, and :class:`exclusion
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<django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint>` constraints defined
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in the :attr:`Meta.constraints <django.db.models.Options.constraints>` option
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are now checked during :ref:`model validation <validating-objects>`.
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2022-05-05 12:26:09 +00:00
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Form rendering accessibility
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----------------------------
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In order to aid users with screen readers, and other assistive technology, new
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``<div>`` based form templates are available from this release. These provide
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more accessible navigation than the older templates, and are able to correctly
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group related controls, such as radio-lists, into fieldsets.
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The new templates are recommended, and will become the default form rendering
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style when outputting a form, like ``{{ form }}`` in a template, from Django
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5.0.
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In order to ease adopting the new output style, the default form and formset
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templates are now configurable at the project level via the
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:setting:`FORM_RENDERER` setting.
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See :ref:`the Forms section (below)<forms-4.1>` for full details.
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2021-08-17 13:13:13 +00:00
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.. _csrf-cookie-masked-usage:
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``CSRF_COOKIE_MASKED`` setting
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------------------------------
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2023-01-12 11:47:42 +00:00
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The new ``CSRF_COOKIE_MASKED`` transitional setting allows specifying whether
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to mask the CSRF cookie.
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2021-08-17 13:13:13 +00:00
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:class:`~django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware` no longer masks the CSRF
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cookie like it does the CSRF token in the DOM. If you are upgrading multiple
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instances of the same project to Django 4.1, you should set
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2023-01-12 11:47:42 +00:00
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``CSRF_COOKIE_MASKED`` to ``True`` during the transition, in order to allow
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compatibility with the older versions of Django. Once the transition to 4.1 is
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complete you can stop overriding ``CSRF_COOKIE_MASKED``.
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2021-08-17 13:13:13 +00:00
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This setting is deprecated as of this release and will be removed in Django
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5.0.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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Minor features
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--------------
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:mod:`django.contrib.admin`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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2021-10-03 06:33:51 +00:00
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* The admin :ref:`dark mode CSS variables <admin-theming>` are now applied in a
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separate stylesheet and template block.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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2021-12-08 14:24:55 +00:00
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* :ref:`modeladmin-list-filters` providing custom ``FieldListFilter``
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subclasses can now control the query string value separator when filtering
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for multiple values using the ``__in`` lookup.
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2021-12-14 06:03:36 +00:00
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* The admin :meth:`history view <django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.history_view>`
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is now paginated.
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2022-01-10 13:34:24 +00:00
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* Related widget wrappers now have a link to object's change form.
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2022-03-05 16:09:42 +00:00
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* The :meth:`.AdminSite.get_app_list` method now allows changing the order of
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apps and models on the admin index page.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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:mod:`django.contrib.auth`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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2021-09-16 08:04:59 +00:00
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* The default iteration count for the PBKDF2 password hasher is increased from
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320,000 to 390,000.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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2022-03-04 10:04:07 +00:00
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* The :meth:`.RemoteUserBackend.configure_user` method now allows synchronizing
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user attributes with attributes in a remote system such as an LDAP directory.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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:mod:`django.contrib.gis`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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2021-09-24 08:15:23 +00:00
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* The new :meth:`.GEOSGeometry.make_valid()` method allows converting invalid
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geometries to valid ones.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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2022-05-14 01:51:12 +00:00
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* The new ``clone`` argument for :meth:`.GEOSGeometry.normalize` allows
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creating a normalized clone of the geometry.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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:mod:`django.contrib.postgres`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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2021-07-23 15:57:26 +00:00
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* The new :class:`BitXor() <django.contrib.postgres.aggregates.BitXor>`
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aggregate function returns an ``int`` of the bitwise ``XOR`` of all non-null
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input values.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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2021-05-28 22:52:57 +00:00
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* :class:`~django.contrib.postgres.indexes.SpGistIndex` now supports covering
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indexes on PostgreSQL 14+.
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2021-05-28 22:56:23 +00:00
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* :class:`~django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint` now
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supports covering exclusion constraints using SP-GiST indexes on PostgreSQL
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14+.
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2021-06-17 21:13:49 +00:00
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* The new ``default_bounds`` attribute of :attr:`DateTimeRangeField
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<django.contrib.postgres.fields.DateTimeRangeField.default_bounds>` and
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:attr:`DecimalRangeField
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<django.contrib.postgres.fields.DecimalRangeField.default_bounds>` allows
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specifying bounds for list and tuple inputs.
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2021-11-03 21:21:50 +00:00
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* :class:`~django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint` now allows
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specifying operator classes with the
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:class:`OpClass() <django.contrib.postgres.indexes.OpClass>` expression.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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:mod:`django.contrib.sitemaps`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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2020-12-30 16:44:53 +00:00
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* The default sitemap index template ``<sitemapindex>`` now includes the
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``<lastmod>`` timestamp where available, through the new
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:meth:`~django.contrib.sitemaps.Sitemap.get_latest_lastmod` method. Custom
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sitemap index templates should be updated for the adjusted :ref:`context
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variables <sitemap-index-context-variables>`.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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:mod:`django.contrib.staticfiles`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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2022-01-18 09:06:19 +00:00
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* :class:`~django.contrib.staticfiles.storage.ManifestStaticFilesStorage` now
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replaces paths to CSS source map references with their hashed counterparts.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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2021-12-27 18:04:59 +00:00
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Database backends
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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* Third-party database backends can now specify the minimum required version of
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the database using the ``DatabaseFeatures.minimum_database_version``
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attribute which is a tuple (e.g. ``(10, 0)`` means "10.0"). If a minimum
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version is specified, backends must also implement
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``DatabaseWrapper.get_database_version()``, which returns a tuple of the
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current database version. The backend's
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``DatabaseWrapper.init_connection_state()`` method must call ``super()`` in
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order for the check to run.
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2022-05-05 12:26:09 +00:00
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.. _forms-4.1:
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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Forms
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~~~~~
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2022-04-26 14:01:59 +00:00
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* The default template used to render forms when cast to a string, e.g. in
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templates as ``{{ form }}``, is now configurable at the project-level by
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setting :attr:`~django.forms.renderers.BaseRenderer.form_template_name` on
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the class provided for :setting:`FORM_RENDERER`.
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:attr:`.Form.template_name` is now a property deferring to the renderer, but
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may be overridden with a string value to specify the template name per-form
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class.
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Similarly, the default template used to render formsets can be specified via
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the matching
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:attr:`~django.forms.renderers.BaseRenderer.formset_template_name` renderer
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attribute.
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2022-05-05 07:21:47 +00:00
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* The new ``div.html`` form template, referencing
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:attr:`.Form.template_name_div` attribute, and matching :meth:`.Form.as_div`
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method, render forms using HTML ``<div>`` elements.
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This new output style is recommended over the existing
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:meth:`~.Form.as_table`, :meth:`~.Form.as_p` and :meth:`~.Form.as_ul` styles,
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as the template implements ``<fieldset>`` and ``<legend>`` to group related
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inputs and is easier for screen reader users to navigate.
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2022-05-05 12:26:09 +00:00
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The div-based output will become the default rendering style from Django 5.0.
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* In order to smooth adoption of the new ``<div>`` output style, two
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transitional form renderer classes are available:
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2023-01-18 10:08:39 +00:00
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``django.forms.renderers.DjangoDivFormRenderer`` and
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``django.forms.renderers.Jinja2DivFormRenderer``, for the Django and Jinja2
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template backends respectively.
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2022-05-05 12:26:09 +00:00
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You can apply one of these via the :setting:`FORM_RENDERER` setting. For
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example::
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FORM_RENDERER = "django.forms.renderers.DjangoDivFormRenderer"
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Once the ``<div>`` output style is the default, from Django 5.0, these
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transitional renderers will be deprecated, for removal in Django 6.0. The
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``FORM_RENDERER`` declaration can be removed at that time.
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* If the new ``<div>`` output style is not appropriate for your project, you should
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define a renderer subclass specifying
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:attr:`~django.forms.renderers.BaseRenderer.form_template_name` and
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:attr:`~django.forms.renderers.BaseRenderer.formset_template_name` for your
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required style, and set :setting:`FORM_RENDERER` accordingly.
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For example, for the ``<p>`` output style used by :meth:`~.Form.as_p`, you
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would define a form renderer setting ``form_template_name`` to
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``"django/forms/p.html"`` and ``formset_template_name`` to
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``"django/forms/formsets/p.html"``.
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2021-11-06 06:50:29 +00:00
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* The new :meth:`~django.forms.BoundField.legend_tag` allows rendering field
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labels in ``<legend>`` tags via the new ``tag`` argument of
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:meth:`~django.forms.BoundField.label_tag`.
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2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
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2021-08-01 20:33:12 +00:00
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* The new ``edit_only`` argument for :func:`.modelformset_factory` and
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:func:`.inlineformset_factory` allows preventing new objects creation.
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2022-01-22 16:21:57 +00:00
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* The ``js`` and ``css`` class attributes of :doc:`Media </topics/forms/media>`
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now allow using hashable objects, not only path strings, as long as those
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objects implement the ``__html__()`` method (typically when decorated with
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the :func:`~django.utils.html.html_safe` decorator).
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2022-01-13 23:08:38 +00:00
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* The new :attr:`.BoundField.use_fieldset` and :attr:`.Widget.use_fieldset`
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attributes help to identify widgets where its inputs should be grouped in a
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``<fieldset>`` with a ``<legend>``.
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2022-05-07 22:53:13 +00:00
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* The :ref:`formsets-error-messages` argument for
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:class:`~django.forms.formsets.BaseFormSet` now allows customizing
|
|
|
|
|
error messages for invalid number of forms by passing ``'too_few_forms'``
|
|
|
|
|
and ``'too_many_forms'`` keys.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-12 09:30:47 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :class:`~django.forms.IntegerField`, :class:`~django.forms.FloatField`, and
|
|
|
|
|
:class:`~django.forms.DecimalField` now optionally accept a ``step_size``
|
|
|
|
|
argument. This is used to set the ``step`` HTML attribute, and is validated
|
|
|
|
|
on form submission.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Internationalization
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-11-17 21:25:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The :func:`~django.conf.urls.i18n.i18n_patterns` function now supports
|
|
|
|
|
languages with both scripts and regions.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management Commands
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-08-06 13:17:13 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :option:`makemigrations --no-input` now logs default answers and reasons why
|
|
|
|
|
migrations cannot be created.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2022-01-25 09:57:05 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The new :option:`makemigrations --scriptable` option diverts log output and
|
2021-08-06 13:59:53 +00:00
|
|
|
|
input prompts to ``stderr``, writing only paths of generated migration files
|
|
|
|
|
to ``stdout``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-12-24 23:37:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The new :option:`migrate --prune` option allows deleting nonexistent
|
|
|
|
|
migrations from the ``django_migrations`` table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-02-08 11:38:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* Python files created by :djadmin:`startproject`, :djadmin:`startapp`,
|
2022-01-01 22:33:08 +00:00
|
|
|
|
:djadmin:`optimizemigration`, :djadmin:`makemigrations`, and
|
|
|
|
|
:djadmin:`squashmigrations` are now formatted using the ``black`` command if
|
|
|
|
|
it is present on your ``PATH``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The new :djadmin:`optimizemigration` command allows optimizing operations for
|
|
|
|
|
a migration.
|
2022-02-08 11:38:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Migrations
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-02 15:22:54 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The new :class:`~django.db.migrations.operations.RenameIndex` operation
|
|
|
|
|
allows renaming indexes defined in the
|
|
|
|
|
:attr:`Meta.indexes <django.db.models.Options.indexes>` or
|
2023-09-12 03:56:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
``index_together`` options.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-03 12:43:06 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The migrations autodetector now generates
|
|
|
|
|
:class:`~django.db.migrations.operations.RenameIndex` operations instead of
|
|
|
|
|
``RemoveIndex`` and ``AddIndex``, when renaming indexes defined in the
|
|
|
|
|
:attr:`Meta.indexes <django.db.models.Options.indexes>`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-04 14:03:09 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The migrations autodetector now generates
|
|
|
|
|
:class:`~django.db.migrations.operations.RenameIndex` operations instead of
|
|
|
|
|
``AlterIndexTogether`` and ``AddIndex``, when moving indexes defined in the
|
2023-09-12 03:56:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
``Meta.index_together`` to the
|
2022-05-04 14:03:09 +00:00
|
|
|
|
:attr:`Meta.indexes <django.db.models.Options.indexes>`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Models
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-11-23 05:39:04 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The ``order_by`` argument of the
|
|
|
|
|
:class:`~django.db.models.expressions.Window` expression now accepts string
|
|
|
|
|
references to fields and transforms.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-26 07:40:29 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The new :setting:`CONN_HEALTH_CHECKS` setting allows enabling health checks
|
|
|
|
|
for :ref:`persistent database connections <persistent-database-connections>`
|
|
|
|
|
in order to reduce the number of failed requests, e.g. after database server
|
|
|
|
|
restart.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-06-14 16:58:06 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :meth:`.QuerySet.bulk_create` now supports updating fields when a row
|
|
|
|
|
insertion fails uniqueness constraints. This is supported on MariaDB, MySQL,
|
|
|
|
|
PostgreSQL, and SQLite 3.24+.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-01-09 05:58:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :meth:`.QuerySet.iterator` now supports prefetching related objects as long
|
|
|
|
|
as the ``chunk_size`` argument is provided. In older versions, no prefetching
|
|
|
|
|
was done.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-07-02 20:09:13 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :class:`~django.db.models.Q` objects and querysets can now be combined using
|
|
|
|
|
``^`` as the exclusive or (``XOR``) operator. ``XOR`` is natively supported
|
|
|
|
|
on MariaDB and MySQL. For databases that do not support ``XOR``, the query
|
|
|
|
|
will be converted to an equivalent using ``AND``, ``OR``, and ``NOT``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-01 18:21:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The new :ref:`Field.non_db_attrs <custom-field-non_db_attrs>` attribute
|
|
|
|
|
allows customizing attributes of fields that don't affect a column
|
|
|
|
|
definition.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-03-24 15:46:19 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* On PostgreSQL, ``AutoField``, ``BigAutoField``, and ``SmallAutoField`` are
|
|
|
|
|
now created as identity columns rather than serial columns with sequences.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Requests and Responses
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-03-04 12:57:10 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :meth:`.HttpResponse.set_cookie` now supports :class:`~datetime.timedelta`
|
|
|
|
|
objects for the ``max_age`` argument.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Security
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-12-14 03:47:03 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The new :setting:`SECRET_KEY_FALLBACKS` setting allows providing a list of
|
|
|
|
|
values for secret key rotation.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2022-03-07 22:25:52 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The :setting:`SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER` setting now supports a comma-separated
|
|
|
|
|
list of protocols in the header value.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Signals
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-12-28 02:32:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The :data:`~django.db.models.signals.pre_delete` and
|
|
|
|
|
:data:`~django.db.models.signals.post_delete` signals now dispatch the
|
|
|
|
|
``origin`` of the deletion.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-12 14:21:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
.. _templates-4.1:
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Templates
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-08-03 08:26:00 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The HTML ``<script>`` element ``id`` attribute is no longer required when
|
|
|
|
|
wrapping the :tfilter:`json_script` template filter.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-12 14:21:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The :class:`cached template loader <django.template.loaders.cached.Loader>`
|
|
|
|
|
is now enabled in development, when :setting:`DEBUG` is ``True``, and
|
|
|
|
|
:setting:`OPTIONS['loaders'] <TEMPLATES-OPTIONS>` isn't specified. You may
|
|
|
|
|
specify ``OPTIONS['loaders']`` to override this, if necessary.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Tests
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-14 09:35:47 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The :class:`.DiscoverRunner` now supports running tests in parallel on
|
|
|
|
|
macOS, Windows, and any other systems where the default
|
|
|
|
|
:mod:`multiprocessing` start method is ``spawn``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-30 17:13:56 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* A nested atomic block marked as durable in :class:`django.test.TestCase` now
|
|
|
|
|
raises a ``RuntimeError``, the same as outside of tests.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-12-10 11:22:23 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :meth:`.SimpleTestCase.assertFormError` and
|
2022-09-24 10:29:58 +00:00
|
|
|
|
:meth:`assertFormsetError() <django.test.SimpleTestCase.assertFormSetError>`
|
|
|
|
|
now support passing a form/formset object directly.
|
2021-12-10 11:22:23 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
URLs
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-03-28 15:56:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The new :attr:`.ResolverMatch.captured_kwargs` attribute stores the captured
|
|
|
|
|
keyword arguments, as parsed from the URL.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The new :attr:`.ResolverMatch.extra_kwargs` attribute stores the additional
|
|
|
|
|
keyword arguments passed to the view function.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Utilities
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-02-05 19:28:09 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``SimpleLazyObject`` now supports addition operations.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2022-02-18 19:27:05 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :func:`~django.utils.safestring.mark_safe` now preserves lazy objects.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Validators
|
|
|
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-12 09:30:47 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The new :class:`~django.core.validators.StepValueValidator` checks if a value
|
|
|
|
|
is an integral multiple of a given step size. This new validator is used for
|
|
|
|
|
the new ``step_size`` argument added to form fields representing numeric
|
|
|
|
|
values.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _backwards-incompatible-4.1:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Backwards incompatible changes in 4.1
|
|
|
|
|
=====================================
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Database backend API
|
|
|
|
|
--------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This section describes changes that may be needed in third-party database
|
|
|
|
|
backends.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-10-28 15:56:29 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``BaseDatabaseFeatures.has_case_insensitive_like`` is changed from ``True``
|
|
|
|
|
to ``False`` to reflect the behavior of most databases.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-11-10 15:38:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseIntrospection.get_key_columns()`` is removed. Use
|
|
|
|
|
``DatabaseIntrospection.get_relations()`` instead.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-06-14 16:58:06 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations.ignore_conflicts_suffix_sql()`` method is replaced by
|
|
|
|
|
``DatabaseOperations.on_conflict_suffix_sql()`` that accepts the ``fields``,
|
|
|
|
|
``on_conflict``, ``update_fields``, and ``unique_fields`` arguments.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The ``ignore_conflicts`` argument of the
|
|
|
|
|
``DatabaseOperations.insert_statement()`` method is replaced by
|
|
|
|
|
``on_conflict`` that accepts ``django.db.models.constants.OnConflict``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-07-09 11:02:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations._convert_field_to_tz()`` is replaced by
|
|
|
|
|
``DatabaseOperations._convert_sql_to_tz()`` that accepts the ``sql``,
|
|
|
|
|
``params``, and ``tzname`` arguments.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-06-20 03:46:22 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* Several date and time methods on ``DatabaseOperations`` now take ``sql`` and
|
|
|
|
|
``params`` arguments instead of ``field_name`` and return 2-tuple containing
|
|
|
|
|
some SQL and the parameters to be interpolated into that SQL. The changed
|
|
|
|
|
methods have these new signatures:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations.date_extract_sql(lookup_type, sql, params)``
|
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations.datetime_extract_sql(lookup_type, sql, params, tzname)``
|
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations.time_extract_sql(lookup_type, sql, params)``
|
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations.date_trunc_sql(lookup_type, sql, params, tzname=None)``
|
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations.datetime_trunc_sql(self, lookup_type, sql, params, tzname)``
|
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations.time_trunc_sql(lookup_type, sql, params, tzname=None)``
|
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations.datetime_cast_date_sql(sql, params, tzname)``
|
|
|
|
|
* ``DatabaseOperations.datetime_cast_time_sql(sql, params, tzname)``
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-01-20 17:54:29 +00:00
|
|
|
|
:mod:`django.contrib.gis`
|
|
|
|
|
-------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Support for GDAL 2.1 is removed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-04 04:28:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* Support for PostGIS 2.4 is removed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dropped support for PostgreSQL 10
|
|
|
|
|
---------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upstream support for PostgreSQL 10 ends in November 2022. Django 4.1 supports
|
|
|
|
|
PostgreSQL 11 and higher.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-22 09:57:54 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Dropped support for MariaDB 10.2
|
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upstream support for MariaDB 10.2 ends in May 2022. Django 4.1 supports MariaDB
|
|
|
|
|
10.3 and higher.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-10-06 01:38:15 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Admin changelist searches spanning multi-valued relationships changes
|
|
|
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Admin changelist searches using multiple search terms are now applied in a
|
|
|
|
|
single call to ``filter()``, rather than in sequential ``filter()`` calls.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For multi-valued relationships, this means that rows from the related model
|
|
|
|
|
must match all terms rather than any term. For example, if ``search_fields``
|
|
|
|
|
is set to ``['child__name', 'child__age']``, and a user searches for
|
|
|
|
|
``'Jamal 17'``, parent rows will be returned only if there is a relationship to
|
|
|
|
|
some 17-year-old child named Jamal, rather than also returning parents who
|
|
|
|
|
merely have a younger or older child named Jamal in addition to some other
|
|
|
|
|
17-year-old.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See the :ref:`spanning-multi-valued-relationships` topic for more discussion of
|
|
|
|
|
this difference. In Django 4.0 and earlier,
|
|
|
|
|
:meth:`~django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.get_search_results` followed the
|
|
|
|
|
second example query, but this undocumented behavior led to queries with
|
|
|
|
|
excessive joins.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-01-14 12:44:17 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Reverse foreign key changes for unsaved model instances
|
|
|
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In order to unify the behavior with many-to-many relations for unsaved model
|
|
|
|
|
instances, a reverse foreign key now raises ``ValueError`` when calling
|
|
|
|
|
:class:`related managers <django.db.models.fields.related.RelatedManager>` for
|
|
|
|
|
unsaved objects.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
|
|
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-08-01 11:13:35 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* Related managers for :class:`~django.db.models.ForeignKey`,
|
|
|
|
|
:class:`~django.db.models.ManyToManyField`, and
|
|
|
|
|
:class:`~django.contrib.contenttypes.fields.GenericRelation` are now cached
|
2022-09-30 16:18:33 +00:00
|
|
|
|
on the :class:`~django.db.models.Model` instance to which they belong. *This
|
|
|
|
|
change was reverted in Django 4.1.2.*
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-02-05 12:18:53 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :class:`~django.test.runner.DiscoverRunner` now returns a non-zero error code
|
|
|
|
|
for unexpected successes from tests marked with
|
|
|
|
|
:py:func:`unittest.expectedFailure`.
|
2021-11-04 14:31:26 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-08-17 13:13:13 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :class:`~django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware` no longer masks the CSRF
|
|
|
|
|
cookie like it does the CSRF token in the DOM.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* :class:`~django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware` now uses
|
|
|
|
|
``request.META['CSRF_COOKIE']`` for storing the unmasked CSRF secret rather
|
|
|
|
|
than a masked version. This is an undocumented, private API.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-01-01 16:56:10 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The :attr:`.ModelAdmin.actions` and
|
|
|
|
|
:attr:`~django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.inlines` attributes now default to an
|
|
|
|
|
empty tuple rather than an empty list to discourage unintended mutation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-01-21 14:46:37 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The ``type="text/css"`` attribute is no longer included in ``<link>`` tags
|
|
|
|
|
for CSS :doc:`form media </topics/forms/media>`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-02-23 09:33:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``formset:added`` and ``formset:removed`` JavaScript events are now pure
|
|
|
|
|
JavaScript events and don't depend on jQuery. See
|
|
|
|
|
:ref:`admin-javascript-inline-form-events` for more details on the change.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-03-11 21:16:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The ``exc_info`` argument of the undocumented
|
|
|
|
|
``django.utils.log.log_response()`` function is replaced by ``exception``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-03-15 12:07:44 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The ``size`` argument of the undocumented
|
|
|
|
|
``django.views.static.was_modified_since()`` function is removed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-03-24 16:41:53 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The admin log out UI now uses ``POST`` requests.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-12-10 11:22:23 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The undocumented ``InlineAdminFormSet.non_form_errors`` property is replaced
|
|
|
|
|
by the ``non_form_errors()`` method. This is consistent with ``BaseFormSet``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-12 14:21:02 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* As per :ref:`above<templates-4.1>`, the cached template loader is now
|
|
|
|
|
enabled in development. You may specify ``OPTIONS['loaders']`` to override
|
|
|
|
|
this, if necessary.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-16 16:37:34 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The undocumented ``django.contrib.auth.views.SuccessURLAllowedHostsMixin``
|
|
|
|
|
mixin is replaced by ``RedirectURLMixin``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-01-31 15:04:13 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* :class:`~django.db.models.BaseConstraint` subclasses must implement
|
|
|
|
|
:meth:`~django.db.models.BaseConstraint.validate` method to allow those
|
|
|
|
|
constraints to be used for validation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-17 07:46:26 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The undocumented ``URLResolver._is_callback()``,
|
2022-05-17 07:58:26 +00:00
|
|
|
|
``URLResolver._callback_strs``, and ``URLPattern.lookup_str()`` are
|
2022-05-17 07:46:26 +00:00
|
|
|
|
moved to ``django.contrib.admindocs.utils``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-08-03 08:26:00 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The :meth:`.Model.full_clean` method now converts an ``exclude`` value to a
|
2022-05-24 08:02:53 +00:00
|
|
|
|
``set``. It’s also preferable to pass an ``exclude`` value as a ``set`` to
|
|
|
|
|
the :meth:`.Model.clean_fields`, :meth:`.Model.full_clean`,
|
|
|
|
|
:meth:`.Model.validate_unique`, and :meth:`.Model.validate_constraints`
|
|
|
|
|
methods.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-06-16 09:37:17 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The minimum supported version of ``asgiref`` is increased from 3.4.1 to
|
|
|
|
|
3.5.2.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-11-30 07:22:10 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* Combined expressions no longer use the error-prone behavior of guessing
|
|
|
|
|
``output_field`` when argument types match. As a consequence, resolving an
|
|
|
|
|
``output_field`` for database functions and combined expressions may now
|
|
|
|
|
crash with mixed types. You will need to explicitly set the ``output_field``
|
|
|
|
|
in such cases.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2023-02-12 02:11:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The :djadmin:`makemessages` command no longer changes ``.po`` files when up
|
|
|
|
|
to date. In older versions, ``POT-Creation-Date`` was always updated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
.. _deprecated-features-4.1:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Features deprecated in 4.1
|
|
|
|
|
==========================
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-02-27 16:55:29 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Log out via GET
|
|
|
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Logging out via ``GET`` requests to the :py:class:`built-in logout view
|
|
|
|
|
<django.contrib.auth.views.LogoutView>` is deprecated. Use ``POST`` requests
|
|
|
|
|
instead.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you want to retain the user experience of an HTML link, you can use a form
|
|
|
|
|
that is styled to appear as a link:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: html
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<form id="logout-form" method="post" action="{% url 'admin:logout' %}">
|
|
|
|
|
{% csrf_token %}
|
|
|
|
|
<button type="submit">{% translate "Log out" %}</button>
|
|
|
|
|
</form>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: css
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#logout-form {
|
|
|
|
|
display: inline;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
#logout-form button {
|
|
|
|
|
background: none;
|
|
|
|
|
border: none;
|
|
|
|
|
cursor: pointer;
|
|
|
|
|
padding: 0;
|
|
|
|
|
text-decoration: underline;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
|
|
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-30 16:44:53 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The context for sitemap index templates of a flat list of URLs is deprecated.
|
|
|
|
|
Custom sitemap index templates should be updated for the adjusted
|
|
|
|
|
:ref:`context variables <sitemap-index-context-variables>`, expecting a list
|
|
|
|
|
of objects with ``location`` and optional ``lastmod`` attributes.
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-08-17 13:13:13 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``CSRF_COOKIE_MASKED`` transitional setting is deprecated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-12-15 04:15:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The ``name`` argument of :func:`django.utils.functional.cached_property` is
|
|
|
|
|
deprecated as it's unnecessary as of Python 3.6.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-12-08 20:28:08 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The ``opclasses`` argument of
|
|
|
|
|
``django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint`` is deprecated in
|
|
|
|
|
favor of using :class:`OpClass() <django.contrib.postgres.indexes.OpClass>`
|
|
|
|
|
in :attr:`.ExclusionConstraint.expressions`. To use it, you need to add
|
|
|
|
|
``'django.contrib.postgres'`` in your :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
After making this change, :djadmin:`makemigrations` will generate a new
|
|
|
|
|
migration with two operations: ``RemoveConstraint`` and ``AddConstraint``.
|
|
|
|
|
Since this change has no effect on the database schema,
|
|
|
|
|
the :class:`~django.db.migrations.operations.SeparateDatabaseAndState`
|
|
|
|
|
operation can be used to only update the migration state without running any
|
|
|
|
|
SQL. Move the generated operations into the ``state_operations`` argument of
|
|
|
|
|
:class:`~django.db.migrations.operations.SeparateDatabaseAndState`. For
|
|
|
|
|
example::
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
|
|
|
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
operations = [
|
|
|
|
|
migrations.SeparateDatabaseAndState(
|
|
|
|
|
database_operations=[],
|
|
|
|
|
state_operations=[
|
|
|
|
|
migrations.RemoveConstraint(...),
|
|
|
|
|
migrations.AddConstraint(...),
|
|
|
|
|
],
|
|
|
|
|
),
|
|
|
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-01-04 12:02:14 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The undocumented ability to pass ``errors=None`` to
|
|
|
|
|
:meth:`.SimpleTestCase.assertFormError` and
|
2022-09-24 10:29:58 +00:00
|
|
|
|
:meth:`assertFormsetError() <django.test.SimpleTestCase.assertFormSetError>`
|
|
|
|
|
is deprecated. Use ``errors=[]`` instead.
|
2022-01-04 12:02:14 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-01-30 09:28:32 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``django.contrib.sessions.serializers.PickleSerializer`` is deprecated due to
|
|
|
|
|
the risk of remote code execution.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-01-09 05:58:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The usage of ``QuerySet.iterator()`` on a queryset that prefetches related
|
|
|
|
|
objects without providing the ``chunk_size`` argument is deprecated. In older
|
|
|
|
|
versions, no prefetching was done. Providing a value for ``chunk_size``
|
|
|
|
|
signifies that the additional query per chunk needed to prefetch is desired.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-02-05 20:00:20 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* Passing unsaved model instances to related filters is deprecated. In Django
|
|
|
|
|
5.0, the exception will be raised.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-03-04 10:04:07 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``created=True`` is added to the signature of
|
|
|
|
|
:meth:`.RemoteUserBackend.configure_user`. Support for ``RemoteUserBackend``
|
|
|
|
|
subclasses that do not accept this argument is deprecated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2023-01-13 07:22:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The ``django.utils.timezone.utc`` alias to :attr:`datetime.timezone.utc` is
|
|
|
|
|
deprecated. Use :attr:`datetime.timezone.utc` directly.
|
2022-03-24 10:09:55 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-12-10 11:22:23 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* Passing a response object and a form/formset name to
|
|
|
|
|
``SimpleTestCase.assertFormError()`` and ``assertFormsetError()`` is
|
|
|
|
|
deprecated. Use::
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
assertFormError(response.context["form_name"], ...)
|
|
|
|
|
assertFormsetError(response.context["formset_name"], ...)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
or pass the form/formset object directly instead.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-22 09:36:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The undocumented ``django.contrib.gis.admin.OpenLayersWidget`` is deprecated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-11 07:13:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* ``django.contrib.auth.hashers.CryptPasswordHasher`` is deprecated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-12 09:30:03 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The ability to pass ``nulls_first=False`` or ``nulls_last=False`` to
|
|
|
|
|
``Expression.asc()`` and ``Expression.desc()`` methods, and the ``OrderBy``
|
|
|
|
|
expression is deprecated. Use ``None`` instead.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-05-05 12:26:09 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The ``"django/forms/default.html"`` and
|
|
|
|
|
``"django/forms/formsets/default.html"`` templates which are a proxy to the
|
|
|
|
|
table-based templates are deprecated. Use the specific template instead.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-08-12 20:38:19 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* The undocumented ``LogoutView.get_next_page()`` method is renamed to
|
|
|
|
|
``get_success_url()``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 05:33:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Features removed in 4.1
|
|
|
|
|
=======================
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
These features have reached the end of their deprecation cycle and are removed
|
|
|
|
|
in Django 4.1.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See :ref:`deprecated-features-3.2` for details on these changes, including how
|
|
|
|
|
to remove usage of these features.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-09-16 06:09:52 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* Support for assigning objects which don't support creating deep copies with
|
|
|
|
|
``copy.deepcopy()`` to class attributes in ``TestCase.setUpTestData()`` is
|
|
|
|
|
removed.
|
2021-09-16 06:23:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Support for using a boolean value in
|
|
|
|
|
:attr:`.BaseCommand.requires_system_checks` is removed.
|
2021-09-16 06:53:34 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The ``whitelist`` argument and ``domain_whitelist`` attribute of
|
|
|
|
|
``django.core.validators.EmailValidator`` are removed.
|
2021-09-16 07:06:40 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The ``default_app_config`` application configuration variable is removed.
|
2021-09-16 07:12:56 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* ``TransactionTestCase.assertQuerysetEqual()`` no longer calls ``repr()`` on a
|
|
|
|
|
queryset when compared to string values.
|
2021-09-16 07:37:03 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* The ``django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache`` backend is
|
|
|
|
|
removed.
|
2021-09-16 07:45:43 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Support for the pre-Django 3.2 format of messages used by
|
|
|
|
|
``django.contrib.messages.storage.cookie.CookieStorage`` is removed.
|